bhoomikaa

pahilaa sansakarana

panjaabee bhaashaa noo kaalajaan ate yooneevarasittee deean uchereean sreneean dee sikhiaa te preekhiaa daa maadhiam banaaunaa panjaabee yooneevarasittee, pattiaalaa daa ik pramakh tteechaa hai| is tteeche noo drishattee vich rakh ke vee see saahibaan dee saraprasatee hetth panjaabee bhaashaa te saahit daa har pakhon prasaar te visataar keetaa jaa rihaa hai| inhaan vises manorathaan dee pooratee hit ddoongheean khoj pusatakaan daa niramaan, puraatan kalaasakee saahit daa sanpaadan, pramakh panjaabee saahitakaaraan dee jaanapachhaan, bhinabhin saahitik risaaliaan daa prakaashan aad yojanaavaan chaaloo han| inhaan de naal naal takaneekee kos sbadaavaleean te sanketaavaleean vee tiaar keeteean jaa raheean han|

einhaan mudtale te buniaadee saahitik yatanaan ton ilaavaa kaalajaan deean vakhavakh shreneean lee paatthapusatakaan tiaar karan dee vee ik vaddee yojanaa chaaloo keetee gee hai| pichhale keean saalaan ton panjaabee yooneevarasittee valon kaalajaan deean bahut saareean jamaataan lee silebasaan anusaar panjaabee paatthapusatakaan tiaar keeteean geean han| ih hathalee pusatak panjaabee saahit daa itihaas vee ise larree dee ik karree hai|

panjaabee saahit daa itihaas vidavaan lekhak ddaa. paramindar singh, haidd, panjaabee vibhaag, go. mahindaraa kaalaj, pattiaalaa ne barree ghaalanaa te soojh naal tiaar keetee hai| saahit de itihaas noo aad kaal pooravanaanak kaala ton lai ke 1700 ee. tak hee seemit rakhiaa hai| panjaabee bhaashaa te saahit de sat sau saal de is lame itihaasak vikaas noo sankhep te larreebadh roop vich pes karanaa barraa aauakhaa kam hai, kiaunk inhaan hee sadeean vich panjaabee saahit andar kee prakaar deean saahitik dhaaraavaan ate vanageean paidaa hoeean ate panjaab de itihaas ne barre adabhat te hairaaneejanak morr katte| itihaas dee lagaataar vahindee dhaaraa noo niyamaan te sidhaantaan de chauakhatte vich niyamit karake saahit daa samachaa binb ujaagar karanaa koee sauakhaa kam naheen, khaas karake udon jadon ki lekhak noo ik vishes sanjam, sankhep te saral shailee vich saahit desamagr itihaas daa saravekhan varanan te mulankan karanaa paindaa hai|

saahit de itihaas dee is pusatak noo paatthapusatak deean lorraan anusaar pooreesooree, par saral rakhanaa piaa hai| is manorath dee paalanaa vich lekhak daa ih yatan barraa vigiaanak, niyamit te marayaadit rihaa hai, jiharraa aapane aap vich mukamal te sanpooran vee hai ate vidiaaratheean de akaadamik padhar de anukool vee hai| itihaasakaar ne panjaabee saahit de pichhokarr vich kam karadeean panjaab deean raajasee, dhaaramik, saansakritak, saahitik te aarathik

parisathiteean noo barree sapashattataa te naveenataa naal ghokh ke panjaabee saahit de vibhin yugaan te dauaraan dee hond daa niranaa keetaa hai ate panjaab vaaseean deean manobirateean te pravirateean saahit vich kiven pratibinbat hoeean han, einhaan saariaan tataan te dishaan daa manovigiaanik adhiain vee pes keetaa hai| inhaan galaan ton ilaavaa, panjaabee saahit de mahaan usaraeee baabaa fareed, guroo naanak, damodar, shaah husain, bhaaee guradaas ate guroo gobind singh saahib dee saahitik den noo vishes vidhee naal biaan keetaa hai|

eis saare yatan vich vidavaan lekhak ne itihaas dee is vishaal saamagree noo jithe khaas sucham naal nibhaaeaa hai, authe pesh karan dee sailee noo vee suaadalee, dilachasap, rochak te manohar rakhan daa bharapoor uparaalaa keetaa hai|

aas hai ih saahitik prayatan vidiaaratheean te paatthakaan dee suhajachetanaa noo aavash ttunbegaa |

profaisar te haidd

panjaabee vibhaag,

panjaabee yooneevarasittee, pattiaalaa

prem prakaash singh

mukh sanpaadak

praveshikaa

pahilaa sansakarana

kise bhaashaa de saahit noo, aus bhaashaa noo bolan vaale lokaan de samache jeevan pravaah naalon nikherriaa naheen jaa sakadaa| lokaan de jeevan pravaah noo gharran, ausaaran jaan dtaalan vich unhaan dee raajaneetik, samaajik, bhaaeechaarak, sanparadaaeik jaan dhaaramik dashaa daa bahut vaddaa hath hundaa hai| dooje sbadaan vich lokaan dee manobiratee noo unhaan daa sabhiaachaarak te raajasee itihaas utejit jaan prerit karadaa hai te uho manobiratee poore jaan adhoore roop vich unhaan de saahit vich pratibinbat hundee hai, arathaat saahit daa mool aadhaar jaan preranaasrot lokajeevan hundaa hai te aantrik jaan baaharee kaaranaan karake jadon us jeevan vich parivaratan aa jaandaa hai taan lokaan dee manobiratee badal jaandee hai | is tarhaan jad aseen kise bhaashaa dee samachee saahit sirajanaa jaan saahitik vikaas noo, aus bhaashaa noo bolan vaale lokaan de samaajik itihaas dee gatee naal mel ke aad ton varatamaan tak ankit karade haan taan ih saahit daa itihaas ban jaandaa hai ate jithe kidhare vee is samaajik itihaas dee gatee vich koee parraa, morr jaan parivaratan aa jaandaa hai, jiharraa saahit daa saroop jaan subhaa noo vee badalan de samarath banadaa hai taan us noo aseen ik vishes dauar mith lainde haan te is tarhaan samache saahitik itihaas vich jiharre vee te jine vee ajihe dauar aaunde han, aunhaan noo jad aseen bhinabhin vidheean apanaa ke ate koee naan de ke nikherran daa yatan karade haan taan uh saahit de kaal ban jaande han|

saahit noo kaalaan vich vanddan daa udesh jaan manorath jithe bhinabhin ghattanaavaan te pravirateean de vikaas parraavaan noo sapastt karanaa ate saahit deean bhinabhin dhaaraavaan de srotaan ate preranaa den vaale tataan daa niroopan karanaa hundaa hai, authe saahitaroopaan daa vikaas, saahit deean vakhavakh antaradhaaraavaan daa vishalesn ate saahit de mool gunaan dee tulanaatamak mulankan vee bahut had tak ise naal hee jurriaa hoeaa hai | ik yug dee saahitik chetanataa uparokat aantrik jaan baaharee kaaranaan karake jad madham pain lagadee hai ate naveen chetanataa noo janam dindee dikhaaee dindee hai taan nische hee is noo aseen naven dauar jaan kaal daa aaranbh aakh sakade haan ate jeevanagatee vaang saahit dee kise vises ruchee, praviratee jaan dhaaraa de uthaan te patan de itihaasakakram noo saahamane rakh ke nikherran daa yatan karade haan, par is tath noo vee akhon uhale naheen karanaa chaaheedaa ki kise yug vishes dee saahitik chetanataa pooree tarhaan kade vee khatam jaan lop naheen hundee | samaan paa ke madham zaroor pai jaandee hai te naven dauar dee pramakh dhaaraa jaan pradhaan sur de ttaakare te aapanaa gauarav jaan mehatav khoeaa mahisoos karadee hai te is naal aseen saahit de itihaas de agale dauar jaan parraa daa jikar aaranbh dinde haan|

saahit dee upaj te vikaas daa mukh aadhaar paranparaa te vaataavaran hundaa hai | paranparaa noo tiaag ke ate aapane dauar jaan kaal de vaataavaran valon akhaan meett ke saahit deean mool pravirateean jaan vikaasadhaaraavaan daa ttheek mul naheen paaeaa jaa sakadaa| ih paranparaaee te vaataavaranik jorranikherr saahit de itihaas de adhiain lee laahevand ho sakadaa hai| samaaj shaasatareean ne samaajik dtaanche dee

banatar de kujh aadhaar mithe han te is banatar vich samen samen hunde parivaratan de kaaranaan daa vee pooran bhaant visalesan keetaa hai | jad aseen saahit noo samaaj daa sheesaa aakhade haan taan samaajik dtaanche dee tabadeelee kithe te kiven saahit sirajanaa dee gatee te praviratee noo morr dindee hai, eih samajhanaa akhee gal naheen|

kise bhaashaa de tinatin saahitik roopaan de vikaas ate upaje saahit de visaivasatoo de bauadhik, vigiaanak, nisachit ate silasilevaar jaan larreebadh adhiain noo saahit daa itihaas aakhiaa jaandaa hai| panjaabee vich saahit sirajanaa taan bhaaven atthaveen nauaveen sadee eesavee ton ho rahee hai, par saahit de itihaas likhan val vidavaanaan daa dhiaan veehaveen sadee vich hee giaa hai ate nisache hee is noo pachham prabhaavaan daa sittaa aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai| viaakaran shabadaavaleean te koshaan vaang, aapane puraatan saahitik virase noo saanbh ke us noo itihaasakakram, ghattanaa kram jaan praviratee anusaar tarateeb de ke us daa yog mulankan, saahit de itihaas dee mudtalee mang te lorr hundee hai| pahilon pahil adda add khetaraan jaan addaadd rucheean vaale lekhakaan noo ikatrit jaan sangrahit karake unhaan de mehatav noo darasaaun lee unhaan noo rachanaakaal de sandarabh vich rakh ke kujh tteekaattapanee samet paatthakaan de drishatteegochar keetaa jaandaa hai | iho jihe mudtale yatan nirasandeh pachhamee vidavaanaan valon hee keete ge, jinhaan ne aapane raajasee hitaan dee pooratee lee ate aapane raaj noo pakiaa pairaan te karan lee bhaarat vaaseean de dharam, sansakritee, eitihaas te rahureetaan daa ddoonghaa adhiain keetaa taan jo unhaan de sansakaar te bhaavanaavaan noo dhiaan vich rakh ke raajaprabandh deean neeteean gharreean jaa sakan| is udesh dee pooratee adheen keete ge yatanaan de pratifal vajon sar richaradd ttainpal leejanddaz fraam dee panjaaba, naarattaran dee varanaikoolar littarechar aindd fokalor aaf dee panjaaba, greearasan lingueisattik sarave aaf inddeeaa te ajiheean kujh ku hor bhaashaaee te saahitik mehatav vaaleean kritaan saahamane aaeean| vaasatav vich panjaabee saahit de itihaas lee saamagree ikatar karan val ih pahilaa yatan see | baabaa budh singh karataa banbeehaa bol, hansachog te koeil koo te maualaa bakhat kushataa panjaab de heere pahile panjaabee vidavaan han jinhaan ne panjaabee saahit de itihaas daa kachaa khararraa tiaar keetaa te ddaa. mohan singh ne ddee litt dee ddigaree lee likhe aapane sodhaprabandh e hisattaree aaf panjaabee littarechar laahauar 1933 duaaraa is noo niyamit, nisachit te vigiaanik roop ditaa|

panjaabee saahit de mudtale itihaasakaaraan vich ddaa. banaarasee daas jain, ddaa. gupaal singh daradee te ddaa. surindar singh kohalee de naan le jaa sakade han, jinhaan ne panjaabee paatthakaan noo sahee arathaan vich aapane saahitik virase ton jaanoo karavaaeaa| hun tak do darajan de kareeb vidavaanaan valon jaan sansathaavaan valon itihaas likhe jaan likhavaae jaa chuke han jinhaan daa veravaa is pusatak de akheer vich ditaa giaa hai jiharre poore jaan adhoorai, sankhipat jaan visatrit, addaadd lorraan jaan drishatteean de lakhaaeik, aj saadde hathaan vich han| har viakateegat yatan kise naa kise pakhon aoonaa jaan apooran hai ate hun tak chhape kise vee itihaas noo paripooran, pramaanik jaan sarabapakhee naheen aakhiaa jaa sakadaa|

saahit daa ih hathalaa itihaas vee ik nisachit te niyamit vidhee anusaar, eik paas manorath te khaas padhar noo dhiaan vich rakh ke likhiaa giaa hai ate keval 1700 ee tak dee saahitik praapatee jaan gatee noo hee biaanadaa hai | bahut ddoonghaaee jaan veraviaan vich jaan dee thaan, eis noo ik seemaa tak rakhan daa yatan keetaa giaa hai taan jo vidiaaratheean noo mudtale kaalaan de saahitik itihaas sanbandhee lorreendee saamagree ditee jaa sake| 1700 ee. tak is noo is lee seemit keetaa giaa hai kiaunjo us vele tak saadde puraane saahit vich jiharree saahitik marayaadaa sathaapat ho chukee see te

saahit de jiharre jiharre roop jaan pakh apanaae jaa chuke san, aunhaan dee jaanakaaree de ke, puraatan panjaabee saahit de gauarav noo darasaaeaa jaa sake ate unhaan kaaranaa daa vee visalesan keetaa jaa sake jinhaan de aadhaar te guroo naanak kaal de saahit noo, sunahiree kaal aakhiaa jaan lag piaa hai | jis tarhaan upar havaalaa ditaa jaa chukaa hai, guroo gobind singh jee de jotee jot samaaun naal te akheer shakateesaalee mugal samaraatt dee mritoo naal samaajik te raajasee jeevan vich ik naven dauar daa aaranbh hundaa hai| jeevan de lakas aadaras jaan keemataan vich ik mahaan tabadeelee aa gee te jug garadeean te badesee haliaan kaaran samaajik dtaanchaa bikhar giaa ate is anisachitataa kaaran saahit dee gatee vich vee rok pee| is pusatak vich saahitik gatee dee charrhat noo darasaaeaa giaa hai jad ki 1708 ee. ton is de patan daa dauar aaranbh ho jaandaa hai|

saahit de 1700 ee. tak de samen noo aseen do kaalaan vich vanddiaa hai | 1500 ee. tak noo poorava naanak kaal te 1501 ton 1700 ee. tak noo guroo naanak kaal daa naan ditaa hai | saahit de itihaas noo kaalaan vich vanddan te har kaal noo dtukavaan naan den sanbandhee vee sankhep vich ithe charachaa karanee zarooree prateet hundee hai| 850 ee ton 1500 ee tak rache ge saahit noo inhaan naavaan naal ankit keetaa jaandaa hai

a panjaabee saahit daa mudtalaa kaal jaan aad kaal

a naath jogeean daa samaan

e fareed kaal

sa pooravanaanak kaal

eise tarhaan 1501 ee ton 1700 ee tak de saahitik dauar noo hetth likhe naa dite jaande han

a mugal raaj daa samaan

a guroo saahibaan daa jamaanaa

e guroo naanak kaal

sa vichakaaralaa samaan madh kaala

madh kaal de saahit vich baakee saahitakaaraan de ttaakare te guroo naanak dee sabh ton sreshatt padavee hai| uh naa keval ik mahaan saahitakaar hee san sagon samachee guramat kaavadhaaraa, aap dee pratibhaa te sakhaseeat de duaale hee ghunmadee hai ate ise lee baakee saare guroo saahibaan ne aapanee rachanaa vich naanak naam dee hee varaton keetee| madh kaal de saahit dee pradhaan sur vee dhaaramik bhaavaan vaalee see, jis vich guramat kaav daa sabh ton vadh mehatav te vadderaa hath hai| ise lee is kaavadhaaraa de modtee te baanee de naan te saahit de is kaal daa naan guroo naanak kaal rakhanaa dtukavaan te uchit prateet hundaa hai| guroo naanak ton pahilaan saahit sirajanaa dee ik nikharraveen marayaadaa hond vich aa chukee see jis noo aadhaar banaa ke hee agale saahit daa ttheek mul paaeaa jaa sakadaa hai| baabaa fareed dee sakhaseeat vee nisache hee adatee hai ate vidavaanaan ne us noo panjaabee saahit daa pitaamaa aakhiaa hai, par fareed ne jis dhaaraa noo janam ditaa. us daa vikaas kaafee samaan paa ke hoeaa| naal hee baabaa fareed dee rachanaa saadde tak guroo granth saahib duaaraa hee pujee ate ih guramat kaav daa ang ban gee| is lee pahile kaal noo baabaa fareed kaal dee bajaae pooravanaanak kaal aakhanaa hee uchat prateet hundaa hai|

aas hai panjaabee de mudtale madhakaal de saahit daa ih sankhep itihaas, vidiaaratheean te aam paatthakaan noo yog sedh te aavashak jaanakaaree den vich sahaaeitaa karegaa|

paramindar singh ddaa.

tatakaraa

bhoomikaa

praveshikaa

1. panjaab te panjaabee

o pichhokarr

a panjaabee bhaashaa dee praacheenataa

e panjaabee bhaashaa daa vikaas

sa panjaabee deean vishestaavaan

ha guramukhee lipee

2. panjaabee saahit daa pooravanaanak kaal

o pichhokarr

a saahit sirajanaa

e sanbhaavanaavaan

sa praapateean

3. aad kaal de saahit deean pramakh dhaaraavaan te mool pravirateean

a naath jogeean daa saahit

gorakh naath

charapatt naath

chauarangee naath

a baabaa fareed shakaraganj

baabaa fareed dee kaavakalaa

e lok saahit

sa vaaraan

ha futtakal rachanaa kise te vaaratak aad

poorav naanak kaal de saahit ute samachee jhaat

4. guroo naanak kaal

o pichhokarr

a guramat kaavadhaaraa

e soofee kaavadhaaraa

sa kisaa kaavadhaaraa

ha beer kaavadhaaraa

ka vaaratak

kha bhaashaa te lipee

5. guroo naanak kaal de saahit deean pramakh dhaaraavaan te pravirateean

a guramat kaavadhaaraa

guroo naanak dev jee

guroo angad dev jee

guroo amaradaas jee

guroo raam daas jee

guroo arajan dev jee

guroo teg bahaadar jee

guroo gobind singh jee

a guroo granth saahib dee saahitik vishestaa

e bhaaee guradaas te hor bhagat kavee

bhaaee guradaas

bhagat chhajoo

jalhan

bhagat kaanhaa

sa soofee kaavadhaaraa

shaah husain

sulataan baahoo

shaah sraf

maualaanaa abadee

ha kisaa kaavadhaaraa

damodar

peeloo

haafiz barakhuradaar

ahimad

ka beer kaavadhaaraa

kha guroo naanak kaal dee vaaratak

1 goshatthaan jaan goshatteean

a make dee goshatt

a goshatt aatame kee

e ajate randhaave dee goshatt

sa bahut saareean hor goshattaan

ha baabe laal naal goshatt

ka goshatt gorakhabharatharee

kha goshatt sree krisn ar aoodho

2 tteeke

o sidh goshatt daa tteekaa

a tteekaa baaraamaah tukhaaree

sukhamanee sahansar naamaa

3 janam saakheean

4 vachan

5 hukamanaame

6 anuvaad

7 futtakal

puraatan panjaabee vaaratak baare samachee vichaar

6. 1700 ee. tak de panjaabee saahit ute morraveen jhaat

sahaaeik pusatakasoochee

adhiaae pahilaa

panjaab te panjaabee

a pichhokarr

faarasee bhaashaa de do sbadaan, panj te aab panjapaanee de mel naal panjaab baniaa, jiharraa panj dariaavaan, sataluj, biaas, raavee, chanaab te jihalam de pasaar jaan ghere vich aaun vaale ilaake de saanjhe naan vajon prachalit hoeaa| bhaaven samen samen is de hor naan vee rakhe jaande rahe, jiven sapatasindhoo, panchanad, aad, par sabh ton pahilaan akabar de raaj samen hoe raajasathaan de kavee sundar daas dee kavitaa vich panjaab shabad dee varaton keetee miladee hai | panjaab deean hadaan vee badaladeean raheean te vanddeean vee paindeean raheean, par ik sabhiaachaarik ikaaee vajon panjaab hun ik saanjhaa nisachit te sathaaee kendar ban chukaa hai ate is vich vasan vaale lokaan dee bhaashaa lee vee saravapravaanit naan panjaabee rakhiaa jaa chukaa hai| kauamee, raajasee, dhaaramik jaan sanparadaaeik vakhar te vakheviaan de baavajood aj panjaabee bolan vaale lokaan dee ginatee sat karorr de kareeb samajhee jaandee hai|

panjaab dee dharatee noo ih maan praapat hai ki eesaa maseeh de janam ton chaar panj hazaar saal pahilaan ithe vishav dee sabh ton puraanee sabhiataa bharapoor te unat roop vich hond vich aa chukee see, jis noo sindhoo vaadee dee sabhiataa aakhiaa jaandaa hai ate jis dee theh, harrapaa te mohinjodaarro naa deean thaavaan te labhe han| eesaa maseeh ton lagabhag dtaaee hazaar saal pahilaan madhaesheea ton aareea lok ethe aa ke vas ge ate ethe hee aareea sabhiataa daa pasaar hoeaa| aareea de kabeele bhaarat vich lagabhag do hajaar saal tak lagaataar aaunde rahe ate ethon deean do aad kauamaan, kol te draavirr, jiharreean kramavaar aasaam, bangaal te vindhiaachal ate bhaarat de utar, pachham ate dakhan vich vaseean hoeean san, aute vijai praapat kar ke saare bhaarat ute aareea sabhiataa dee prabhutaa te sreshattataa sathaapat karan vich safal ho ge| hor aareea ttolaa panjaab vich praves uparant puraane ttole noo age dhak dindaa ate aap unhaan dee thaan mal laindaa see, eis lee vaidik kaal tak ih panjaab te utarapradesh de dariaavaan ton agaanh naa jaa sake | sansaar de sabh ton puraatan granth rigadev dee rachanaa de panjaab de dariaavaan kandte hon baare, sabh itihaasakaar te vidavaan sahimat han | is tarhaan do at mehatavapooran tath panjaabeean de gauarav noo vadhaaun lee kaafee han a sansaar dee sabh ton mudtalee te ajoke pramaanaan anusaar pooran shahiree sabhiataa daa mudt veen panjaab vich bajhaa ate a sansaar saahit dee sabh ton praacheen te sresttatam rachanaa

rigadev dee sirajanaa vee panjaab vich hoee, jis noo kujh vidavaan us jamaane dee panjaabee bhaashaa vich likhiaa giaa manade han|

samen samen utarapachhamee seemaa valon panjaab ute anek hale hunde rahe ate yoonaanee, paarasee, cheenee, kushaan, hoon, gujar te jatt aad jaateean thorrhe bahute bhaag ute aapanaa prabhaav sathaapit karadeean raheean | samache panjaab ute chhottechhotte kabeeliaan de raaje, raaj karade san jis de falasaroop chandar gupat mauareea ton pahilaan panjaab kade vee kise raajaneetik ikaaee vich naa bajh sakiaa, par ih ekataa vee samaraatt ashok ton pichhon chhetee hee bhang ho gee ate aaun vaale lagabhag baaraan sau varhe tak panjaab chhotte chhotte ilaakiaan, ttottiaan jaan khanddaan vich vanddiaa giaa ate dasaveen sadee eesavee de akheer tak sivaae jai paal varage ik adh raaje de, jis ne laahauar, mulataan te kashameer de saare ilaake ute ik sakateesaalee raaj kaaeim keetaa, saaraa panjaab kheroon kheroon hoeaa piaa see ate raajasee, sabhiaachaarik jaan prabandhakee, kise vee pakhon, eik ikaaee vich bajhaa prateet naheen see hundaa|

giaaraveen sadee de aaranbh ton hee mahimood gazanaveen de haliaan naal panjaab ashaantee daa akhaarraa ban giaa ate lagabhag sau varhe tak pachhamee panjaab gajnee de adheen rihaa ate fer lagabhag tin sau saal tak gulaamaan, sayadaan te lodheean ate sher saaeh sooree aad vakhavakh sulataanaan te musalamaanee khaanadaanaan dee kisamat, panjaab vich banadee vigarradee rahee| jo vee baaharon aaeaa us ne ethon dee vason noo luttiaa, aujaarriaa te ethon dee bhaashaa, saahit te sabhiaachaar daa naash keetaa | pahilee vaaree kee sadeean baad mugal baadasaahaan vele ethe amanaamaan kaaeim hoeaa te murr saant te sabhay jeevan daa vaataavaran paidaa hoeaa, jiharraa atthaaraveen sadee de mudt tak, sivaae ikaadakaa ghattanaavaan de, lagabhag samaan hee rihaa|

auparokat itihaasak pichhokarr daa vivaran den daa saaddaa manorath ih dasanaa hai ki har desh dee bhaasaa te saahit dee nuhaar noo gharran, usaaran jaan vigasaaun vich samen dee bhoogolik, raajasee te sabhiaachaarak sathitee daa bahut vaddaa hath hundaa hai ate aad kaal ton lai ke sataaraveen sadee de akheer tak jaan atthaaraveen sadee de pahile dahaake tak de saadde vichaar adheen kaal vich, panjaabee vich jiharraa vee saahit rachiaa giaa. us daa sahee saravekhan jaan mulaankan uparokat tathaan noo dhiaan vich rakh ke hee keetaa jaa sakadaa hai|

jis tarhaan raajasee te itihaasak tauar te panjaab vich anaginat tabadeeleean aaundeean raheean, ause tarhaan samaajik te sabhiaachaarak tor te vee panjaab noo jine vakhavakh parraavaan vichon langhanaa piaa, shaaeid hee bhaarat de kise hor praant noo is daa anubhav hoeaa hove| daraavarr, khattarr, sakharr, khokhar, aaree, yoonaanee, paarathee, sitheean, hoon, eeraanee, misaree, arabee, turakee, patthaan, gal kee sainkarre nikeean vaddeean kauamaan, jaateean, kabeele panjaab vich aae | keean daa naanishaan mitt giaa, kee ethon dee vason vich pakee tarhaan rachamich ge, kee aapane addare subhaa te viakatitav noo kaaeim rakhade hoe aapanaa sathaaee prabhaav paaun vich safal hoe| baaharon aaun vaalee har jaatee jaan kabeele ne aapanee sabhiataa rahinasahin, chajaaachaar, bhaashaa

1. haradev baahareeddaa., panjaab yooneevarasittee panjaabee saahit daa itihaas, bhaag pahilaa , panaa 19

te sansakritee de bahute jaan thorrhe ansh vee naal liaande| aj sathitee ih hai ki panjaabee batauar kauam de sainkarre jaateean daa milagobhaa hai | inhaan dee sansakritee vich sainkarre badesee ansaan daa misran hai te sahij subhaa hee inhaan dee bhaasaa vichon vaidik bhaasaa ton lai ke hun tak deean sainkarre hor bhaasaavaan de sbad tatasam jaan tadabhav roop vich praapat te surakhiat han|

einhaan jugo jug vaaparan vaaleean tabadeeleean, lokaan deean bhaavanaavaan, rucheean, maanataavaan, reejhaan, aadarashaan jaan vichaaradhaaraavaan daa pragattaavaa jaan tin tin parisathiteean de falasaroop us sitte jaan pratikaram hee samache saahit dee nuhaar jaan rooparekhaa noo nikhaarade te ughaarrade prateet hunde han|

a panjaabee bhaashaa dee praacheenataa

bhaaven sindhavaadee dee unat te vigasat sabhiataa dee aapanee unant te vigasat bhaashaa te lipee see ate is de pramaan puraatatav vibhaag arachhaeologichal dheparattamenatta deean khojaan ton bhalee prakaar milade han, par panjaabee bhaashaa dee praacheenataa noo sidh karan lee is noo us naal jorranaa kise tarhaan vee niaanesangat prateet naheen hundaa, par saare vidavaan is vichaar naal sahimat han ki panjaabee bhaashaa daa mool rigaved dee bhaasaa naal nische hee jaa jurradaa hai jaan dooje sbadaan vich rigaved us bhaasaa vich rachiaa giaa, jiharree bahut had tak us vele de panjaab vich varatee jaandee see ate sanbhav hai ki us vich kol de draavarr bhaashaavaan de bahut saare sbad samalit ho ge hon| rigaved te hor vedaan dee bhaasaa vichalaa antar enaa jiaadaa hai, jis ton sapashatt hundaa hai ki inhaan de likhe jaan vich keean sadeean daa farak pai chukaa hovegaa| vaidik bhaasaa noo sodh ke ate viaakaran de niyamaan anusaar dtaal ke jad sansakritee daa janam hoeaa taan aam bolachaal dee bhaasaa praakritee akhavaaee, jiharree atthaveen jaan nauaveen sadee eesavee tak prachalit rahee ate jis de tin roop a maagadhee magadh ate bihaar dee bolee, a sorasainee matharaa te us de naal lagade ilaake dee bolee ate e mahaaraasattree mahaaraashattr de ilaake dee bolee mane jaande han | maagadhee te sorasainee de mel naal aradhamaagadhee praakrit hond vich aaee, jis vich jain dharam de kujh granth milade han | samaan paa ke jad inhaan praakritaan vich hee chokhaa saahit rachiaa jaan lag piaa ate aam bolachaal de shabadaan daa is vich ralaa pain lagaa taan ih apabhrans jaan bhittee hoee bolee ban gee | baarhaveen sadee eesavee tak ih apabhrans vee saahitak bhaasaa daa darajaa praapat kar gee ate is daa viaakaran tiaar kar liaa giaa |

ddaa. prem prakaash singh daa mat hai ki kiaun jo panjaabee daa saaraa puraatan saahit lahindee vich hai, eis lee panjaabee daa janam kise ajihee nivekalee praakritee ton hoeaa, jiharree hor utara bhaaratee bhaashaavaan ton bhin hai | unhaan dee khoj anusaar ih kaikee praakritee hai, jis daa puraanaa naan paishaachee, ttakee, dtakee jaan avahatt vee prachalit rihaa hai| ese kaikee praakrit naal unhaan ne panjaabee daa maandhee vaalaa risataa sathaapit keetaa hai| unhaan de is sidhaant dee jithe hor sabh ughe vidavaanaan ne pushattee keetee hai, authe is khoj naal panjaabee dee ik praacheen nivekalee te sutantar hasatee vee nikhar ke saahamane aaee hai| prasadh bhaashaavigiaanee raahul saankritaaein aadhunik bhaaratee bhaasaavaan daa mudt sataveen, atthaveen sadee manade han ate unhaan anusaar nauaveendasaveen sadee tak inhaan bhaashaavaan vich sutantar roop vich saahit sirajanaa hon lag pee see | jad aseen panjaabee saahit daa mudt naathaan jogeean dee rachanaa naal manade haan taan uparokat kathan dee pusttee ho jaandee hai|

e panjaabee bhaashaa daa vikaas

panjaabee bhaashaa lee bahut samen tak hindee jaan hindaveen shabad prachalit rihaa, kiaunjo baaharon aae musalamaan hind vich pravesh uparant ethon dee bhaasaa noo hindavee naan dinde san ate is vich likhe saahit noo hindavee bhaashaa daa saahit aakhade san vises karake musalamaan saahitakaar | ih bhulekhaa is had tak kaaeim rihaa ki unheeveen sadee de akheer vich hoeaa kavee imaamadeen aapanee rachanaa noo hindee vich likhee aakhadaa hai| unjh dasaveen giaaraveen sadee vich baaharon aae sailaanee, ailabaroonee aad ethon dee bhaashaa noo us vele de praantaan de naan te laahauaree te mulataanee aad likhade han| panjaab praant de saanjhe naan te ethon dee bhaasaa lee panjaabee sbad kadon prachalit hoeaa, is baare nischai naal kujh naheen kihaa jaa sakadaa, par praapat saahit de aadhaar te 1635 ee vich likhee janam saakhee vich bhaaee manamukh de moonhon guroo naanak dev jee de rahin dee thaan baare jiharre shabad akhavaae ge, aunhaan vich pahilee vaar panjaab shabad likhiaa miladaa hai laahauar ton kos pandraan karataarapur baniaa hai, panjaab dee dharatee maanhi|

panjaabee naan dee varaton vee akabar de raaj samen hoe raajasathaan de kavee sundar daas ne pahilee vaar keetee ate pichhon aauarangazeb de samakaalee kavee haafij barakhuradaar 1675 ee. ne aapanee kavitaa vich is shabad dee varaton keetee

hazarat meman ne furamaaeaa. is vich ih masaaeil|

turat panjaabee aakh sunaaeen, je ko hove maaeil|

panjaabee bhaashaa daa varatamaan roop lagabhag ik hazaar saal puraanaa hai | bhaaven is noo koee naan vee ditaa jaandaa rihaa, is daa vajood kaaeim see te pichhale ik hajaar saalaan vich is vich rachiaa giaa saahit saadde hathaan vich hai|

pooravanaanak kaal vich rache ge saahit dee bhaashaa de tin saroop ugharr ke saadde saahamane aaunde han| ik taan sant bhaakhaa, jiharree us vele saare utaree bhaarat vich prachalit see te jis vich naathaan jogeean ton binaan hor bhagataan te fakeeraan ne aapanee rachanaa keetee| doojaa roop lahindee jaan mulataanee daa hai, jis dee prateenidhataa baabaa fareed de shalok karade han| bhaasaa daa teejaa roop uh laahauaree jaan kendaree panjaabee hai, jis vich lok bujhaarataan, lok akhaan te vaaraan aad rache milade han|

guroo naanak kaal, jithe saahit sirajanaa dee drishattee ton panjaabee daa sunahiree kaal akhavaaundaa hai, authe bhaashaa dee dristtee ton vee is daa behad mehatav hai | panjaabee naa keval har pakhon ik sanpooran te vigasit bhaasaa hee ban gee, sagon is daa aadhunik saroop pooree tarhaan ugharr ke saahamane aa giaa | bhaashaa dee ameeree, vanasuvanataa te is de uparoopaan noo aad granth vichon bhalee prakaar dekhiaa jaa sakadaa hai| kisaakaav, soofee saahit, vaaraan te hor anaginat saahit jo is kaal vich rachiaa giaa, aus de adhiain ton bhaashaa sanbandhee hetth likhe tath saadde dristtee gochar hunde han a lahindee jaan mulataanee de ttaakare te is de kendaree roop dee pradhaanataa ho gee| a sant bhaasaa jaan saadhabhaakhaa prachalit taan rahee, par is ute tthetth panjaabee daa prabhaav pratakh see | e bhaaee guradaas de kabataan te savayaan naal panjaab vich brijee daa pravesh ho giaa te hindoo sikh vidavaanaan

1. eis naan ton kee vidavaanaan ne panjaabee bhaashaa noo hindee vichon nikalee aapanaa suroo kar ditaa, jiharree ki bhul hai|

vich is noo ik saahitak bhaashaa vajon vadhere maanataa milan lagee| musalamaan lekhak kendaree jaan lahindee dee varaton karade han, jis ute faarasee daa prabhaav pratakh see | bhaashaa de vikaas dee ih paraviratee te gatee unheeveen sadee de adh tak chaladee rahee, jis ton pichhon bhaashaa daa aadhunik saroop nikharan lagaa|

sa panjaabee deean vishestaavaan

panjaabee baare ddaakattar bhaaee veer singh likhade hana panjaabee ik maanjee hoee saahitak bhaakhaa hai, jis daa pichhaa barraa bajurag hai ate is daa mauajoodaa saroop shareef te rasamay hai| ih panjaab des dee maatree bhaasaa hai| chaahe vaidik samen ton aj dee bolee vich barraa hee farak pai chukaa hai, par ih uho bolee hai jo vattaau sattaau khaandee, badaladee te manjeendee, hun vaale komal roop vich aa gee hai, par aapane some naal vee nadee de some vaang sanbandhit hai ate aapanee raajaraamanee chaal vich svaichhand sutantara vee chal rahee hai| is dee shaan hind deean hor bhaasaavaan ton madham naheen hai, lorr hai unhaan raseean te vidavaanaan dee jo is noo uche te suche saahit naal alankrit karade rahin|

bhaaee saahib de uparokat kathan ton panjaabee dee praacheenataa te ameeree daa pataa lagadaa hai| saadde paas shabadaan daa ik athaah bhanddaar hai| aseen hor bhaasaavaan ton barree udaarataa naal tatasam te tadabhav dohaan roopaan vich sbad grahin keete han | lorr anusaar unhaan noo aapane uchaaran anusaar dtaal liaa jaandaa hai| ih uchaaran visesataa is noo baakee bhaaratee boleean naalon nikherradee hai| panjaabee daa aapanaa viaakaranik prabandh hai, aapanee vakharee lipee, akhaan muhaavare, shabad kos upa bhaakhaavaan han, jinhaan de visataar vich jaanaa ithe uchit prateet naheen hundaa| keval ainaa kahinaa hee kaafee hai ki bhaashaa vigiaan dee dristtee ton panjaabee ik sanpooran te jeeaundee jaagadee bhaasaa hai ate samen samen lorr anusaar is vich parivaratan te vaadhaa hundaa rahindaa hai|

ha guramukhee lipee

sansaar dee har unat bhaashaa dee aapanee ik vises lipee hundee hai, jiharree us bhaashaa deean aapaneean lorraan, dhuneean te uchaaran bhedaan anusaar dtaalee jaan gharree gee hundee hai| panjaabee dee aapanee vakharee lipee hai, jis noo guramukhee lipee aakhiaa jaandaa hai | panjaabee bhaashaa dee praacheenataa vaang, eis lipee dee praacheenataa baare vee hun saare vidavaan sahimat han ki ih bhaarat dee sabh ton puraanee lipee brahamee vichon nikalee, jis daa rr shabad keval ese lipee ne hun tak saanbhiaa hoeaa hai| bhaaven kujh bhaaratee te badesee vidavaanaan deean raavaan de aadhaar te ih bhulekhaa kaafee samen tak chaladaa rihaa ki ih lipee guroo angad dev jee ne banaaee, par hun ih sidh ho chukaa hai ki guramukhee de lagabhag saare akhar guroo naanak ton pahilaan varaton vich aa chuke san| is sanbandhee pro. preetam singh daa kathan hai

eitihaasak drisatteekon ton guramukhee akharaan daa roopak mutaaliaa karan vaaliaan noo ajihe lachhan barre ghatt milade han, jiharre guroo naanak saahib de samen ton pahilaan hee hond vich naheen san aa chuke |

1. ddaa. bhaaee veer singh, panjaab yooneevarasittee panjaabee saahit daa itihaas, bhaag pahilaa, panaa 65

2. pro. preetam singh, panjaab, bhaashaa vibhaag, panjaab, panaa 391

sree jee. bee singh ne is sanbandh vich khoj karake ih saabat kar ditaa hai ki guramukhee lipee noo kise ik viakatee ne kise khaas samen naheen banaaeaa. sagon ih brahamee lipee ton vikaas karake, vakhavakh itihaasik parraavaan vichon langh ke, aapane aj vaale roop vich saadde tak pujee hai|

ailabaroonee jo baarhaveen sadee vich bhaarat aaeaa, auh aapaneean likhataan vich panjaab vich prachalit tin lipeean, aradhanaagaree, sidh maatrikaa te bhattaachharee daa zikar karadaa hai| ih sidhamaatrikaa te bhattaachharee guramukhee deean pooravakaalee lipeean han| kashameer dee lipee shaaradaa te mahaajanee jaan ttaakaree daa somaa vee sidhamaatrikaa hee hai|

kujh vidavaanaan anusaar sidham jaan sidhamaatrikaa, guramukhee daa puraanaa naan hai te jad guroo angad dev jee ne is noo sodh ke navaan roop de ke varaton vich liaandaa taan is daa naan guramukhee pai giaa| par ih gal nisache naal aakhee jaa sakadee hai ki ih lipee suraan jaan dhuneean samet, gurooaan ton pahilaan hond vich aa chukee see ate paatthashaalaavaan vich parrhaaee likhaaee jaandee see | is de us vele 30 akhar te 13 suraan san | pichhon is vich 31 vianjan te 3 svar akhar ban ge| uchaaran vich vee samen samen farak paindaa rihaa jiven eerree noo eevarree te airre noo aaeirraa uchaariaa jaandaa see | musalamaanaan de aaun naal faarasee lipee de prabhaav adheen kujh akharaan de pair vich bindee paaun daa rivaaj chal piaa jiven s. z. chh. kh, g aad |

adhiaae doojaa

panjaabee saahit daa pooravanaanak kaal

850 ee. ton 1500 ee. tak

a pichhokarr

har kaal daa saahit aapane samen dee aavaaj hundaa hai| jiho jihee lokaan dee samaajik, bhaaeechaarik, aarathik jaan raajasee dashaa hovegee. saahit vich use dee tarajamaanee hovegee, kujh pratikaramaan de roop vich, kujh pratibinbaan de roop vich, par is ute sansakaaraan te sansakritee dee paan charrhadee vee barree subhaavik hundee hai| panjaabee saahit de aadakaal jaan pooravanaanak kaal vich rache ge saahit sanbandhee kise prakaar dee charachaa karan ton pahilaan uparokat tathaan de aadhaar te is kaal de pichhokarr baare sankhep jihee jaanakaaree laahevandee hovegee|

panjaab de samache itihaas vich ih kaal ashaantee, raajasee anisachitataa, sadaachaarik te dhaaramik giraavatt ate kee prakaar deean lahiraan te andolanaan karake saaddaa dhiaan khichadaa hai| hindoo shaahee khatam ho rahee see ate musalamaanaan dee raajasee taakat dinon din pake pairaan te ho rahee see| musalamaanaan de nit de hale keval lutt maar jaan raajasee taakat lee naheen sagon isalaam daa prachaar te prasaar vee inhaan daa vaddaa manorath see| is tarhaan do vakhareean te ik dooje ton virodhee kauamaan te sansakriteean daa mel panjaab de vaataavaran noo ik naveen dishaa de rihaa see | kamazor raajasee te prabandhakee dtaanchaa jithe badesee taakataan noo haliaan lee preradaa hai, authe dhaaramik te sadaachaarik patan, naven mat dee vichaaradhaaraa te pravesh lee raah saaf karadaa hai| saadde vichaaraadheen kaal dee ih pradhaan sathitee see| bhaaven isalaamee raaj pakee tarhaan terhaveen sadee de aaranbh vich hee sathaapit hoeaa par do sau varhiaan de haliaan ne panjaab de raajasee dtaanche noo kheroon kheroon kar ditaa see| braahamanavaad dee kattarrataaee te budhamat dee kamazoree kaaran nauaveen dasaveen sadee vich jog mat daa jor vadhiaa jis ne jaatapaat daa bhed mittaaun te lokaan noo sidhe raah paaun vich bahut hisaa paaeaa | is daa tiaag ate aatamik uchataa lee man ute kaaboo inhaan daa mukh upades see |

naathaan jogeean ton binaan lokaan ute doojaa ugharravaan prabhaav musalamaan soofee fakeeraan daa see jinhaan ne isalaam daa prachaar keetaa | raajashakatee de julam de ddar ton binaan vee braahamanavaad ton tang aae lokaan noo isalaam vich aasaraa labhaa | soofee fakeeraan ne panjaab de addaadd thaavaan te aapane kendar banaa ke aapanaa daarasnik, sabhiaachaar te saahitak prabhaav aam lokaan te paaeaa|

teejaa dhaaramik te sabhiaachaarak andolan bhagatee maarag daa aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai, jinhaan de aagooaan ne bhaaratee te isalaamee falasafe daa nachorr kadt ke samen dee mang te lorr anusaar us noo dtaal ke desh vich ik sahinaseelataa vaalaa vaataavaran paidaa keetaa bhaaven is lahir daa aaranbh dakhan vich hoeaa, par is daa sikhar guramat dhaaraa de roop vich panjaab vich pragatt hoeaa aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai|

vakhovakh dhaaramik sanparadaavaan de saadhoo te fakeer ghunm fir ke aapane vichaaraan daa prachaar karade jaan dderiaan, dharamashaalaavaan te masajidaan vich kendar sathaapit kar ke lokaan noo prerade | iho jihe dhaaramik te sabhiaachaarak ralagadd jaan khichotaan vaale vaataavaran vich, saanoo saansakritak, daarashanik te dhaaramik visvaasaan daa ik ajeeb mel te virodh dikhaaee dindaa hai|

raajasee garrabarr de kaaran jithe saahit dee upaj dee sanbhaavanaa ghatt hundee hai, authe uparokat lahiraan jaan andolanaan de prabhaav adheen jiharraa thorrhaa bahut saahit sirajiaa giaa us dee saanbha sanbhaal pooree tarhaan naa ho sakee | iho jihaa samaajik vaataavaran pooravanaanak kaal vich see, aus adheen vadhere karake adhiaatamik te sadaachaarik saahit dee sirajanaa hee vadhere hoee | ih tath vee dhiaan vich rakhan vaalaa hai, ki har kaal vich lokasaahit dee dhaaraa nirantar vahindee rahindee hai, jiharree lok rucheean te lokabhaavanaavaan dee tarajamaanee karadee hai|

a saahit sirajanaa

kaafee samen tak saadde vidavaanaan vich ih vaadavivaad chaladaa rihaa ki panjaabee saahit daa mudt kadon bajhaa aam vidavaanaan dee ruchee ih sidh karan dee see ki gurooaan naal hee panjaabee bhaashaa daa saahitak saroop hond vich aaeaa ate guroo naanak hee panjaabee de pahile saahitakaar san| guramukhee lipee baare vee ihee dhaaranaa see ki ih guroo angad dev jee ne tiaar keetee | inhaan vichaaraan te prachalit hon daa ik kaaran ih prateet hundaa hai ki sansakaaraan vas saadde vidavaan vaddiaaee hee is gal vich samajhade san ki gurooaan naal hee aapanee bhaasaa, lipee te saahit daa mudt darasaaeaa jaae | doojaa kaaran khoj dee anahond hai| saadde vidavaanaan ne is paase val bahutee ruchee naheen dikhaaee ate jo bhulekhaa ik vaar prachalit ho giaa| usanoo jiaun daa tiaun apanaa liaa | pichhale do tin dahaakiaan vich inhaan prashanaan val uchechaa dhiaan ditaa giaa hai ate aj ih gal nishachit ho chukee hai ki guroo naanak dev jee ton dter chir pahilaan saadde saahit dee nishachit rooparekhaa nikhar chukee see | panjaabee bhaasaa vee hor bhaaratee bhaasaavaan vaang atthaveen nauaveen sadee ee. tak vikaasamaarag te pai chukee see ate guramukhee lipee dee hor bhaaratee lipeean vaang brahamee vichon nikal ke vigasit hon lagee| is gal daa siharaa ddaakattar mohan singh jee noo jaandaa hai ki unhaan ne aapanee khoj duaaraa panjaabee saahit de aaranbh kaal noo 850 ee. de nerre terre sidh keetaa sagon praapat saahit deean misaalaan de ke sabh mauake door kar dite | saahit sirajanaa deean sanbhaavanaavaan baare sankhep vich aseen aakh sakade haan ki

e sanbhaavanaavaan

1 je panjaabee bhaashaa atthaveen nauaveen sadee vich hond vich aa chukee see taan is vich saahit vee rachiaa jaan lag piaa hovegaa, vishes tauar te saahit daa mudtalaa mauakhik roop, lokageet, bujhaarataan te lokakathaa aad|

2 kise bolee daa saahit iko din vich prafalat te ameer naheen ho jaandaa sagon is de pichhe sadeean dee ghaalanaa hundee hai| jad aseen naathajogeean dee rachanaa te baabaa fareed de salokaan dee nipunataa te sreshattataa dekhade haan taan nischaa hundaa hai ki ihanaan ton pahilaan vee saahit sirajanaa zaroor hundee rahee hovegee, jiharree panjaab dee bhoogolik sathitee te samen de gerr kaaran saadde hathaan tak puj sakee|

3 varatamaan pragatee de maarag te pain ton pahilaan is ne hor boleean de bhaakhaaee te saahitak prabhaavaan noo jaroor kabooliaa hovegaa te pitaree some te srishattee ton kaafee kujh grahin keetaa hovegaa ate is daa pragattaavaa lokabolee vich hoeaa hovegaa| ih bhaashaavaan vaidik sansakrit, praakritaan te apabhranshaan ho sakadeean han jinhaan vich bahut puraane samen ton nishachit saahitak paranparaa bajh chukee see | ved, aupanishad puraan ate mahaankaav te naattak aad anaginat kaavaroop inhaan bhaasaavaan vich hond vich aa chuke san| saadde saahit deean bahut saareean kathaavaan naladamayantee, bharatharee haree, gopee chand, pooranabhagat aad | adhiaatamik chintan te daarashanik shabadaavalee lee vee aseen inhaan bhaasaavaan de rinee haan|

ese tarhaan musalamaanaan de bhaarat vich aaun naal arabee, faarasee te turakee aad bhaashaavaan naal saaddaa melajol vadhiaa te isalaam de prachaar naal unhaan de bhaasaaee te saahitak prabhaavaan ne panjaabee samarathaa noo vadhaaeaa|

s praapateean

pooravanaanak kaal vich saahit sirajanaa deean sanbhaavanaavaan noo vichaaran ton uparant us kaal vich rache ge ate saadde hathaan tak aparre saahit sanbandhee sankhep vich charachaa karanee zarooree prateet hundee hai|

1 panjaabee saahit daa mudt aseen naathaan jogeea deean rachanaavaan ton manade haan| ih jogee atthaveen, nauaveen te dasaveen sadee vich utar pachhamee bhaarat vich vicharade rahe ate budh mat ton pichhon inhaan daa zor vadh giaa| inhaan jogeean duaaraa rache ge saahit de panjaabee hon baare vidavaanaan vich matabhed hai, kiaunjo hindee saahit vaale vee naathaan jogeean ton aapane saahit daa mudt mithade han, kiaunjo inhaan dee rachanaa nirol panjaabee vich hon dee bajaae us saadh bhaashaa vich hai, jiharree saare utaree bhaarat vich us vele prachalit see| panjaab vich inhaan jogeean de ddere, matth te yaadaan ate unhaan duaaraa rache ge saahit ute panjaabee muhaavare, lahije te shabadaavalee dee bahulataa, einhaan de panjaabee hon baare kise shanke dee gunjaaeis naheen chhaddade|

2 lok geet te lok bujhaarataan har bolee de saahit daa mudtalaa roop hunde han| lokamoonhaan te charrh charrh ke aj inhaan daa roop te uchaaran bhaaven naveen prateet hundaa hai, par inhaan dee aayoo der puraanee hai| vishes karake ameer khusaro te surate panddat deean bujhaarataan saaddaa uchechaa dhiaan khichadeean han|

3 beerarasee saahit jaan vaaraan dee rachanaa vee pooravanaanak kaal vich hon lag pee see te is kaal deean rachit chhe vaaraan saadde hathaan tak pujeean han| inhaan vaaraan deean dhunaan uto guroo granth saahib vich daraj vaaraan noo gaaun daa aadesh, nishache hee inhaan dee praacheenataa noo sidh karadaa hai|

4 baabaa fareed shakaraganj dee rachanaa baare kaafee samen tak vidavaanaan vich vaadavivaad chaladaa rihaa ki ih guroo naanak dev jee de samakaalee sekh braham dee krit han, naa ki baabaa fareed dee, par khoj te hor pramaanaan de aadhaar te aj ih nishachit ho chukaa hai ki ih salok baarhaveen terhaveen sadee vich hoe shekh fareed de han|

5 vaaratak saahit te hor futtakal rachanaavaan dee praapatee te havaaliaan ne ih saabat kar ditaa hai ki panjaabee vich bhinabhin prakaar de saahit dee ik nirantar dhaaraa pooravanaanak kaal ton chaladee aa rahee hai| ddaa. mohan singh pushay daa havaalaa dinde han, jinhaan sabh ton pahilaan sasee punoo daa kisaa likhiaa | ddaa. trilochan singh bedee ne terhaveen sadee dee ik vaaratak rachanaa ekaadasee mahaatam te pro. preetam singh ne fareed jee kaa padhat naamaa de namoone pesh keete han| ese tarhaan chaand tharadaaee 11261162 daa prithavee raaj raaso te mahimood gazanavee valon thaape ge laahauar de gavaranar de darabaaree kavee maasood duaaraa panjaabee vich pahilee vaar rache ge satavaare, seeharafeean te baaraamaanh saadde uparokat kathan dee pushattee karade han|

agale adhiaae vich pooravanaanak kaal vich rache ge saahit sanbandhee saravapakhee vichaar keetee jaa rahee hai|

adhiaae teejaa

aad kaal de saahit deean pramakh dhaaraavaan te mool paravirateean

aad kaal vich rache te saadde tak puje saahit sanbandhee sankhep charachaa pichhale adhiaae vich keetee jaa chukee hai | ethe aseen bhin bhin dhaaraavaan adheen rache ge saahit ate ughe saahitakaaraan dee den baare visataarapooravak vichaar karanee hai ate unhaan paravirateean jaan rucheean daa vee poorana bhaant vishalesn karanaa hai, jinhaan adheen is saahit dee sirajanaa hoee|

a naath jogeean daa saahit

panjaabee saahit de lagabhag saare itihaasakaar hun is vichaar naal sahimat han ki saadde saahit daa aaranbh naath jogeean deean rachanaavaan naal hundaa hai| ih jogee atthaveen sadee ton giaaraveen sadee tak saare utarapachhamee bhaarat vich faile hoe san| jog mat de aaranbh baare vidavaanaan vich kaafee matabhed hai| jog daa arath jurranaa, arathaat man dee saadhanaa duaaraa aatamaa noo pramaatamaa naal jorranaa te kise antareev de dib rehas dee praapatee karanaa hai, jis vichon anahad naad sunaaee dindaa hai te kise gujhe giaan de kuaarr khulh jaande han | jog mat ne samaajik khetar vich vee kaafee sudhaar liaande ate meliaan, bhanddaare te langar daa rivaaj paaeaa| aam lokaan noo vishe vikaaraan ton door karan daa yatan keetaa ate raajiaan vichon vee ayaasee door karake unhaan noo aapane shish banaaeaa|

kujh vidavaan jogeean duaaraa rache saahit noo panjaabee manan ton inakaaree han, kiaun jo hindee saahit vaale vee aapane saahit daa aaranbh inhaan jogeean deean rachanaavaan ton mithade han, par ddaakattar mohan singh deevaanaa ne udaaharanaan te daleelaan naal sidh keetaa hai ki bahut saare ughe jogeean dee rachanaa panjaabee vich hai, jaan us ute panjaabee dee paan charrhee hoee hai| aapane vichaaraan dee pushattee vich uh likhade han ki inhaan jogeean deean bahut saareean thehaan, nishaaneean te matth panjaab vich han, jiven gorakh naath daa janam, gorakhapur, tahiseel gujarakhaan zilhaa raavalapinddee vich hoeaa| gorakh daa ttilaa jihalam vich hai| pishaavar vich gorakh hattarree ate siaalakott vich pooran daa khooh prasadh han | ratan naath jiharraa gorakh daa chelaa see. us dee thaan vee pishaavar vich miladee hai| chauarangee naath dee dhoonee abohar vich hai te charapatt naath noo chanbe riaasat daa raajaguroo maniaa jaandaa hai| inhaan nisaaneean de aadhaar te aseen keh sakade haan ki kiaun jo uh panjaab vich rahe, vichare jaan adde kaaeim keete ate panjaabeean vich aapane mat daa prachaar keetaa, eis lee unhaan duaaraa rachit saahit, aus vele dee saahitik bolee jaan lokabolee vich hai, jis ute sant bhaakhaa daa asar zaroor hai| us vele apabhransh te ajokeean boleean de farak jaan vakheven ene ghatt san ki inhaan noo hindee te panjaabee vaale doven aapanaa mool somaa manade han| je gahu naal dekhee taan inhaan naath jogeean dee bolee daa pinddaa nirol panjaabee hai, bhaaven us ute saadhabhaakhaa dee paan zaroor charrhee

hoee hai, jiharree us samen de adhiaatamik anubhav de pragattaa dee saanjhee bolee hee see| hetth likheean tukaan ton is daa pramaan mil jaandaa hai

jo ghar tiaag karaavai jogee, ghar vaasee ko kahe jo bhogee,

antar bhaav naa parakhe joee, gorakh aakhe moorakh soee|

jogeean duaaraa rache saahit de panjaabee hon dee agalee vaddee daleel ih hai ki panjaab de saahitak ate sabhiaachaarak jeevan ute inhaan jogeean daa prabhaav sadeean tak dekhiaa jaa sakadaa hai| lok saahit, kisaakaav te gurabaanee vich inhaan jogeean de baar baar havaale milade han, jiharre panjaab naal inhaan de nikatt sanbandh noo darasaaunde han|

hun sankhep vich ughe jogeean te unhaan dee rachanaa baare vichaar keetee jaandee hai

gorakh naath gorakh naath, jog panth vich sabh ton vadh satikaariaa hoeaa naan hai ate panjaabee saahit vich us daa zikar baar baar aaeaa hai| raahul saankritaaein anusaar gorakh daa samaan 809 ee. ton 949 ee. hai, par ddaakattar mohan singh unhaan noo 940 ee. ton 1040 ee. de vichakaar hoe mithade han| aap machhandar naath de chele san, par tapasaadhanaa kar ke aap aapane guroo ton vadh prasadh hoe | aap daa janam kise neeveen jaat vich hon de sanket milade han| gorakh de naan naal kee prakaar deean karaamaataan deean kathaavaan jurreean hoeean han aap dee sikhiaa de motte motte asool ih san mooratee poojaa dee nikhedhee, hatthayog daa prachaar, zaatapaat daa khanddan, kaam te kaaboo, bhog bilaas dee nindiaa, tap te tapasiaa ate ekataa te samaanataa lee saanjhe langar te saanjhee paatthapoojaa |

auparokat vichaaraan de prachaar lee aap ne saahit sirajanaa keetee, jis vich saahitak suhaj ton binaan viang te kattaakhash vee see | unhaan dee rachanaa slokaan, sabadaan te dohiaan vich hai te khoobee ih hai ki is saaree rachanaa noo raagaan vich banhiaa giaa hai vishes tauar te, raag bhairon, gaurree te raamakalee vich | unhaan dee rachanaa vichon kujh ku udaaharanaan hetthaan diteean jaandeean han jinhaan ton naan keval unhaan daa panjaabee rang te panjaabee uchaaran hee ugharradaa hai sagon kaavakhoobeean dee jhalak vee paindee hai

1 maayaa jorr kahai main tthaakar, maayaa gayo kahaavai chaakar|

maayaa tayaag hoe jo daanee, keh gorakh teenon agiaanee|

2 khaaeaa bhee marai, anakhaaeaa bhee marai,

gorakh kahai, sanjamee tarai|

3 khaattai jharai, saloonai jarai, meetthe upajai rog|

kahai gorakh sunahu sidhah, an paanee jog |

4 baaghan jind lai, baaghan bind lai, baaghan hamaree kaaeaa|

ein baaghan trai loee khaaee, badat gorakh raaeaa|

5 daam kaadt baaghan lai aaeaa, maau kahe meraa poot be aahiaa|

geelee lakarree kau ghun laaeaa, tin ddaal mool san khaaeaa|

6 jogee hoe par nindiaa jhakhai, mad maas ghar bhaag jo bhakhe,

eikotar sai purakh narakai jaae, sat sat bhaakhant gorakh raae|

7 guroo jee aisaa kaam naa keejai, jaan te aseen mahaanras chheejai|

godde bhe ddagamage, pett bheaa dtil dtilaa, kes bagale ke pankhaa|

8 aseen mahaanras baaghan sokhaa taan te gher mathan bhee ankhaa|

divas kau baaghan sur nar mohai, raatee saaeir sokhai|

moorakh lokaa andhalaa pasooaa, nit prat baaghan pokhai|

baaghan jind lee, baaghan bind lee, baaghan hamaree kaaeaa|

ein baaghan traiee loee khaaee, badat gorakh raaeaa|

9 adhik ahaar indaree bal karai, chhuttai giaan mathan chit dhare|

biaapai nindaraa, jhaanpe kaal taan kai hiradai sachaa janjaal|

an ke sanjamee bind naa jaae nindaraa ke sanjamee kaal naa khaae|

10 parrh granth jo giaan bakhaane, pavan saadh paramaarath maanai|

param tat ko hoe na maramee, kahai gorakh so mahaan adharamee|

11 sun re baabaa chuneean muneean, aulatt bhed son ulattee duneean|

satigur kahai sehaj kaa sandhaa, baad bibaad karai se andhaa|

12 chand naheen soor divas naheen rajanee|

onkaar naheen niraakaar, sookham naheen asathool|

pindd naheen praan saakhaa naheen patar, vaake kalee naa mool|

ddaal naheen ful jaa ke birachh naa belaa|

sikh naa shaakhaa jaan ke guroo naheen chelaa|

13 aupajai naa binasai aave naa jaae|

jag mirat tis baap naa maae

bhavant gorakh hamaraa ton seo

14 bin parachai jo vasat bichaarai, dhiaan agan tin man jaarai |

giaan magan bin rahe abolaa, kahu gorakh se baalaa bholaa|

15 komal pindd kahaave chelaa, katthin pindd se tthaatthaa pelaa|

joonaa pindd kahaavai boorrhaa, kahai gorakh ih teenon moorrhaa|

auparokat udaaharanaan keval namoone maatr hee han, bhaaven gorakh de naan hetth hor vee dter saaree rachanaa miladee hai|

charapatt naath gorakh de cheliaan vichon charapatt naath sabh ton prasadh han | vidavaanaan ne inhaan daa samaan 890 ee. ton 990 ee mithiaa hai| aap chanbaa riaasat de raajaa saaeil varamaa de guroo san | riaasat de sike ute mundaraan de nishaan milade han, jinhaan ton is dee pushattee hundee hai| charapatt dee rachanaa daa daarasnik pichhokarr taan gorakh vaalaa hee see, par aapane samakaalee jeevan noo chitaran karake, alankaaraan, viang, ttok te haase karake kaav sirajanaa dee bahuroopataa karake ate is dee panjaabee lahije te uchaaran karake panjaabee saahit vich us daa vishes sathaan hai| us dee rachanaa daa namoonaa is prakaar hai

1 bhekh kaa jogee, main naa kahaaun, aatamaa kaa jogee charapatt naaun|

2 dihain bhikhiaa, raateen ras bhog,

charapatt kahai gavaaeaa jog |

3 sikh kee gharinee laagai paae

aus kaa roop dekh, us kaa kaam dtal jaae|

sikh ke putr kaa mukh lai chachole

jaise kutaa haandd ko barole|

4 khaan ke ajaan hoe, baat toon lai pachhaan

chele hoeaan laabh hoeaa, guroo hoeaa haan|

ddaa. mohan singh charapatt daa havaalaa dinde hoe aakhade han ki uh pahilaa madhakaaleen danbh bidaaroo hoeaa hai| us ne nidharrak te nijhak ho ke, girahee te udaasee, jogee te saniaasee dee maanasik dashaa noo nangaa keetaa te chobh laaee|

charapatt is sansaar noo kaattiaun kee baarree aakhadaa hai te ethe sukhee jeevan jeeaun lee us dee sikhiaa see

sun sikhavantaa, sun patavantaa

eis jag main kaise rahinaa|

akheen dekhanaa, kanee sunanaa,

mukh se kachh na kahinaa |

bakate aage srotaa hoeibaa,

rahu dhons aagai, masakeenaa|

guroo aagai chelaa hoeibaa,

eiho baat parabeenaa|

chorangee naath chorangee naath vee machhandar naath daa chelaa te gorakh naath daa gurabhaaee see | ih siaalakott de raajaa saalavaahan daa putar see, jis noo pooran bhagat vee kahinde han| prasadh hindee vidavaan panddat ayodhiaa singh upaadhiaae aap noo pooran bhagat daa vaddaa bharaa manade han| chorangee naath baare ddaakattar mohan singh kise puraane granth daa havaalaa de ke aakhade han ki is granth vich daraj kavitaa vich chorangee naath aapanee aatamakathaa daa biaan karadaa hoeaa likhadaa hai main saalavaahan daa putar haan ate mainoo piau ne anhe khooh vich sittavaa ditaa, jithon mainoo machhandar naath ne kadtavaaeaa| chorangee naath dee rachanaa vich praan sangalee te kujh hor shabadasalok saamal han | rachanaa daa namoonaa is prakaar hai

maalee, lo malamaalee lo

seechai sehaj kiaaree

aunaman kalaa ek pahoopan

pahile aavagavan nivaaree |

einhaan ton binaan ratan naath, bharatharee naath te gopee naath aad kee hor naathaan daa zikar vee

1. panjaabee adab dee mukhatasar tavaareekh panaa 17

aaundaa hai, jinhaan dee rachanaa daa vishaa te udesh lagabhag saamaan hai | inhaan naath jogeean noo aseen panjaabee saahit de modtee is karake aakhiaa hai ki inhaan ne panjaabee noo apabhrans ton lok bhaasaa dee padhar tak liaandaa| is vich anaginat saahit rachiaa, lok chhandaan te kaavaroopaan dee varaton keetee, kavitaa te raag noo jorriaa te guramukhee dee mool lipee, sidhamaatrikaa dee varaton keetee|

a baabaa fareed shakaraganj

1173 ee. ton 1266 ee.

baabaa fareed shakaraganj noo panjaabee saahit daa pitaamaa aakhiaa giaa hai | bhaaven baabaa fareed ton pahilaan vee panjaabee vich saahit dee rachanaa hon lag pee see ate saadde paas rache ge saahit de utam namoone vee mauajood han, par baabaa fareed noo panjaabee saahit daa meelapathar is lee aakhiaa jaandaa hai ki ik taan inhaan de janamamaran deean pakeean taareekhaan saadde paas han ate doojaa inhaan duaaraa rachiaa giaa saahit, aad granth vich sankalit ho ke aapane vadh ton vadh asalee roop vich saadde tak pujaa hai| teejee gal ih hai ki baabaa fareed dee rachanaa shudh te tthukadaar panjaabee vich likhee gee, jiharree lahindee jaan mulataanee muhaavare dee hai ate jiharree bahut samen tak panjaabee de vidavaanaan daa saahitik maadhiam banee rahee| naathaan jogeean dee rachanaa us vele dee lok bolee panjaabee vich taan see, par us ute saadh bhaakhaa daa rang bhaaroo hai| is de ttaakare te baabaa fareed nirol panjaabee daa lekhak see|

baabaa fareed de naan thale guroo granth saahib vich 132 shalok ate raag aasaa te soohee vich do do sbad daraj han | baabaa fareed de keval 112 salok hee han, baakee 20 shalok pahile, teeje te panjaven guroo de ttipanee vajon dite ge han | guroo granth saahib ton baahar vee kujh rachanaa baabaa fareed de naan hetth prachalit hai, par us de fareed rachit hon baare vidavaanaan vich madabhed hai|

baabaa fareed daa janam 1173 ee. vich ramazaan maheene dee pahilee taareekh noo pindd khotavaal hun pindd chaulee mushaikhaa jilhaa mulataan vich jamaaludeen sulemaan de ghar hoeaa| aap dee ruchee dharam val see, jis noo dtaalan vich aap dee maataa beebee mareeam daa bahut vaddaa hath see| aap ne gazanee te kaabal vich isalaamee vidiaa parrhee ate dilee de khvaajaa bakhatiaar kaakee de mureed bane | paakapattan vich aap dee gadee aj tak kaaeim hai|

baabaa fareed de naan naal bahut saareean karaamaataan jurreean hoeean han, jiharreean unhaan de sharadhaalooaan jaan cheliaan ne jorr leean| inhaan vichon bahuteean daa sanbandh skar naal hai, par aj saare vidavaan is gal te sahimat han ki aapane bachanaan dee mitthaas karake aap daa naan shakaraganj pai giaa| aap ne fir tur ke isalaam daa prachaar keetaa te lakhaan hindooaan noo musalamaan banaaeaa| seearul aaualeea pusatak daa karataa hazarat kiramaanee aap noo peeraan daa peera shaikhul mushaaeikha aakhadaa hai|

kaafee samen tak vidavaanaan vich ih vaadavivaad chaladaa rihaa ki guroo granth saahib vich daraj fareed dee rachanaa baabaa fareed shakaraganj dee naheen sagon sekh braham dee hai, jiharre fareed dee gadee de baarhaven peer san | unhaan ne guroo naanak saahib naal hoee aapanee mulaakaat samen ih shalok unhaan de bhett keete, jiharre guroo jee ne aapanee thaanee naal saanbh rakhe| pichhon aad granth dee sanpaadanaa samen guroo arajan dev jee ne uho rachanaa shaamal kar lee | bhaaven khoj te daleelaan de

aadhaar te aj ih pakee tarhaan sidh ho chukaa hai ki ih rachanaa baabaa fareed shakaraganj dee hai, par hetthaan aseen sankhep vich unhaan kaaranaan daa, jinhaan adheen ih bhulekhaa piaa te uh daleelaan, jinhaan de aadhaar te is de fareed shakaraganj rachit hon baare nisachaa hoeaa daraj karanaa zarooree samajhade haan

a sabh ton pahilaan is bhulekhe daa mudt maikaalaf ton bajhiaa prateet hundaa hai, jis ne aapanee pusatak sikh rileejan vich inhaan salokaan noo shekh braham krit das ke aakhiaa ki sekh braham ne rachanaa karan samen aapanee gadee de modtee baabaa fareed daa naan varatiaa, jiven sikh saahibaan ne naanak naam dee varaton keetee hai|

a ddaakattar laajavantee raamaakrishanaa ne fareed de slokaan vich aaee is tuk jit aasan ham baitthe, kete bais geaa daa galat arath de ke ih sidh keetaa ki sekh braham aakhade hana jis gadee te main baitthaa haan, maithon pahilaan kee fareed baitth chuke han| is lee ih rachanaa shekh fareed dee naheen, balak shekh braham dee hai|

e teejaa bhulekhaa ddaakattar gopaal singh varage vidavaanaan ne paaeaa, jiharre aakhade san ki guroo naanak saahib ton tin sau saal pahilaan panjaabee daa saahitak roop enaa vigasat te bolee dee tthetthataa te pakiaaee ene naheen ho sakade, jine ki fareed dee rachanaa vichon dikhaaee dinde han jaan shekh fareed de vadde vaddere keval iko pushat pahilaan bhaarat vich aae san, eis lee unhaan paason enee tthetth bhaashaa dee aas naheen rakhee jaa sakadee|

sa baavaa budh singh daa mat hai ki ih rachanaa dohaan fareedaan dee ho sakadee hai te shekh braham ne baabaa fareed de salokaan de naal hee aapanee rachanaa saamil karake guroo naanak dev jee noo bhett keetee |

ha ik daleel ih ditee jaandee hai ki fareed dee rachanaa daa rang enaa isalaamee naheen, jinaa ki fareed varag, eisalaam de parachaarak te pahilee peerrhee de soofee fakeer daa honaa chaaheedaa hai| fareed dee bhaavadhaaraa vich budh mat jaan upanishadaan vaalaa rang pradhaan hai | is daa utar saaf hai ki aad granth dee sanpaadanaa samen guroo jee ne keval uhee rachanaa chunee hovegee, jis vich isalaamee havaale bahut naa hon, kiaunjo aad granth ton binaan vee fareed de naan hetth bahut saaree rachanaa prachalit hai|

aad granth vich daraj baanee de baabaa fareed rachit hon baare hetth likheean akatt daleelaan ne hun is baare koee bhulekhaa naheen rahin ditaa

1 guroo arajan dev jee ne aad granth dee sanpaadanaa samen vakhavakh gurooaan te bhagataan dee baanee noo nikherran lee vishes sanket dite han ate har baanee de naal sbad sudh keechai varate han | je unhaan noo baabaa fareed te sekh braham dee rachanaa baare koee bhulekhaa hundaa taan is sanbandhee vee zaroor koee sanket de ditaa jaandaa |

2 hazarat kiramaanee ne ik pusatak seearul aaualeea shekh braham 1510 ton 1552 ee. ton lagabhag do so saal pahilaan likhee, jis vich kujh uh salok daraj han, jiharre guroo granth saahib vich vee daraj han| ih shekh braham de kiven ho ge

3 ause pusatak vich likhiaa hai dar jubaan mulataanee ashiaar sheereen vaaravaan asat | mulataanee jubaan vich mitthe te ravaan seara ih baabaa fareed skaraganj baare hee ho sakade han, jiharre aapane bachanaan dee mitthaas karake prasadh han|

4 baabaa fareed rachit har shalok ute fareed daa naan mohar vaang ankit hai| je fareed ne aap rachanaa naa keetee hundee taan kise noo kee hak see ki aap likh ke, aunhaan ute fareed daa naan jarr dindaa|

5 baanee dee andaralee gavaahee ton vee ihee sidh hundaa hai ki jis viakatee dee ih rachanaa hai, auh baabaa fareed shakaraganj hee ho sakade han badtaa hoeaa sekh fareed, kanban lagee dehi tan sukaa pinjar theea, subah nivaaj gujaar, einee nikee jangheeai thal ddoogar bhavioma aad shekh fareed val sanket karade han, jiharre 93 varhiaan dee lamee umar bhog ke mare, jad ki shekh braham keval 42 saal hee jeeve|

6 laajavantee raamaakrishanaa ne tuk de galat arath keete han| baabaa fareed daa isaaraa is sansaar vich jamademarade jaan aaunde jaande lokaan val hai, fareed dee gadee val naheen| chal chal geean pankheean, sir bhariaa bhee chalasee is tuk daa arath fareed dee gadee val sanket naheen|

7 ddaakattar gopaal singh jee dee daleel vee vajanadaar naheen hai, jad ki saanoo baabaa fareed ton binaan vee pooravanaanak kaal deean hor saahitak kritaan praapat han| je apabhransh dee padhar ton nikal ke saaddee bhaasaa atthaveen nauaveen sadee vich vikaas de maarag te pai gee see taan baabaa fareed de samen tak is daa tthuk bajh jaanaa asubhaavik naheen|

8 baabaa fareed dee rachanaa faarasee vich vee miladee hai, jis ton unhaan de kavee hon baare koee sak naheen | ih vee baar baar zikar aaundaa hai ki baabaa fareed ne aapane bachanaan dee mitthaas naal lakhaan hindooaan noo musalamaan banaaeaa| ih mitthaas inhaan salokaan ton sapashatt hai|

auparokat daleelaa de aadhaar te guroo granth saahib vich daraj rachanaa de baabaa fareed shakara ganj dee hon baare koee bhulekhaa naheen reh jaandaa |

baabaa fareed dee kaavakalaa panjaabee saahit de itihaas vich baabaa fareed dee vishes thaan hai| uh pahile panjaabee kavee san, jinhaan dee rachanaa shudh te tthetth panjaabee vich hai te aj dee panjaabee de bahut nerre prateet hundee hai | unhaan dee rachanaa slokaan te sbadaan vich hai te inhaan chhandaan dee varaton fareed ton pahilaan naath jogeean ne vee keetee| baabaa fareed dee saaree rachanaa vichon sadaachaarik te adhiaatamik sikhiaa miladee hai, jis noo unhaan ne barre kalaamee, saral, ravaan te sanjamamee dtang naal saadde drishatteegochar keetaa hai | suchajee sbadachon, alankaar, binb, chitar te sanket aap dee kavitaa noo naveean uchaanaan te ddoonghaaee bakhasade han| bhaav te budhee noo ikasur rakh ke, aunhaan ne vadde ton vadde adhiaatamik sach noo saral, saade sapasatt par ganbheer roop vich saadde tak ajihee shailee vich puchaaeaa ki parrhadiaan parrhadiaan ik ajeeb saroor te akeh anand praapat hundaa hai| fareed dee rachanaa ik nipun kalaakaar dee ghaarrat prateet hundee hai te is de anek bhaag muhaavaraa ban ke lokamoonhaan te charrh ge han | ethon tak ki aam lokeen aapane vichaaraan dee pusttee vajon fareed baanee vichon havaale dinde han| hetthaan aseen unhaan dee rachanaa vichon kujh udaaharanaan daraj kar rahe haan, jinhaan ton unhaan dee kaavakalaa de tinatin pakh ugharrade han

1 katak koonjaan chet ddaun, saavan bijaleean|

seeaale sohandeean pir gal baaharreean|

2 fareedaa jangal jangal kiaa bhavahi, van kanddaa morrehi,

vasee rath hiaaliaa, jangal kiaa dtoondteh |

3 fareedaa baar paraaeiai baisanaa, saanee moojhe naa dehi

je too evai rakhasee jeeo sareerahu lehi|

4 joban jaande naa ddaraan, je sahu preet naa jaae|

fareedaa kitee joban prat bin, suk ge kumalaae|

5 fareedaa je too akal lateef, kaale likh naa lekh|

aapanarre gireebaan meh sir neevaan kar dekh|

6 budtaa hoaa shekh fareed, kanban lagee dehi|

je sau varhiaan jeevanaa, bhee tan hosee khehi|

baabaa fareed dee rachanaa de do pakh naalo naal chalade han ik adhiaatamik vichaaradhaaraa te doojaa sadaachaarik uchataa te pavatarataa daa sandesh, par khoobee ih hai ene mehatavapooran te ganbheer vishe noo vee ajihee bhaasaa te sailee vich pes keetaa hai ki ih vadh ton vadh lokajeevan te lok anubhav de nikatt dikhaaee dindee te parrhadiaan parrhadiaan hirade deean ddoonghaanaan tak utar jaandee hai | adhiaatamik te sadaachaarik sikhiaa deean kujh ku udaaharanaan dekho

1 fareedaa kaaleen jineen naa raaviaa, dhaulee raavai koe|

kar saaeen siaun piraharree rang navelaa hoe|

2 fareedaa lorre daakh bijaureean, kikar beejai jatt |

handte un kataaeidaa paidhaa lorre patt |

3 fareedaa shakar khandd nivaat gurr, maakhion maajhaa dudh|

sabhai vasatoo mittheean, rab naa poojan tudh|

4 rukhee sukhee khaae kai, tthanddaa paanee peeo|

fareedaa dekh paraaee choparree naa tarasaae jeeo|

5 fareedaa chint khattolaa, vaan dukh birah vichhaavan lef|

eehu hamaaraa jeevanaa, too saahib sache vekh|

6 birahaa birahaa aakheeai birahaa too sulataan |

fareedaa jit tan birahu na upajai, so tan jaan masaan|

7 fareedaa jinee kamee naeh gan, te kamarre visaar|

mat sharamindaa theevahee, saaeen de darabaar|

8 fareedaa saahib dee kar chaakaree, dil dee laeh bharaand|

daraveshaan noo lorreeai, rukhaan dee jeeraand|

9 fareedaa kaale maindde kaparre, kaalaa mainddaa ves|

gunahee bhariaa main firaan, lok kahai daravesh |

12 fareedaa jaan kuaaree taa chaau, veevaahee taan maamale |

fareedaa iho pachhutaau, vat kuaaree naa theeai|

11 fareedaa be nivaajaa kutiaa, eeh na bhalee reet|

kabahee chal naa aaeaa, panje vakhat maseet|

12 fareedaa tan sukaa pinjar theea, taleean choonddeh kaag|

ajai su rab naa bahurriaa, dekh bande de bhaag|

13 fareedaa dariaavai kanai bagalaa, baitthaa kel kare|

kel karende hanjh no, achinte baaj pe|

baaj pe tis rab dai, kelaan visareea

jo man chit na chetihan, se galeen rab keea|

14 fareedaa jo tai maaran mukeean, tinaa naa maarai ghunm|

aapanarre ghar jaaeeai pair tinaa de chunm |

15 fareedaa bure daa bhalaa kar, gusaa man na handtaae|

dehee rog na lagee, palai sabh kichh paae|

16 eik fikaa naa galaae sabhanaa main sachaa dhanee|

hiaao na kaihee tthaahi, maanak sabh amolave|

baabaa fareed dee adhiaatamik vichaaradhaaraa baare ddaa. deevaan singh likhade han, sikharaan te pujaa hoeaa adhiaatamik te rehasavaadee anubhav, yathaarath naal is tarhaan raliaa miliaa hai, jiven sansaar deean tthos vasataan vich pauan samilat rahindee hai| bhagatee ras ne is kavitaa vich shaant ras daa amrit ghol ditaa hai | ik ddoonghaa te mitthaa darad is kavitaa dee rooh vich bhariaa hoeaa hai| karunaa ras de naal shingaar ras dee chaasanee, eis darad noo sahinayog karadee hai|

bhaaven fareed dee rachanaa aakaar vich bahutee naheen, par kaav gunaan karake, vishe dee sresttataa, ganbheerataa te parapakataa kar ke, eis rachanaa daa panjaabee saahit vich utam te sadeevee sathaan hai|

e lok saahit

har bhaashaa de saahit daa mudtalaa roop lok saahit hee hundaa hai, jis vich lokageet, bujhaarataan, akhaan kahimukaraneean te dosukhane aad hunde han | kahimukaraneean unhaan bujhaarataan noo aakhiaa jaandaa hai, jinhaan vich javaab vee viche ditaa hundaa hai| dosukhane vich savaal do bhaashaavaan vich hundaa hai te utar ik ajihe sbad raaheen ditaa jaandaa hai, jiharraa do bhaashaavaan vich saanjhaa hove| aad kaal deean bahut saareean bujhaarataan ameer khusare de naan naal jurreean hoeean han| puraaneean bujhaarataan pushatadarapust saadde tak pujeean han te lokamoonhaan te charrh charrh ke aj bhaaven inhaan daa rangaroop prateet hundaa hai, par inhaan dee aayoo bahut puraanee hai| udaaharan lee hetthaan kujh bujhaarataan namoone maatr daraj keeteean jaa raheean han

keh mukaraneean

1 eik sugharr main dditthee naaree|

panddataan noo lage bahut piaaree |

bache uhade suche motee |

mitar piaare das parrh ke pothee| pothee

2 eik dumoonhee kaalaa rang|

ghorre te charrh bahe nishang |

jis raah le, ause raah kadte|

auhadaa ditaa varate jage |

chhatte pette naahin kamaavai |

naam us daa vichai aavai | damoohee

3 shaam rang te masatak bagaa

jiaun krishan jee ttikaa lagaa|

paak ghar kheddan aise shaam

man maanh vichaaro un kaa naam | maanha

bujhaarataan

1 lauang laaeichee nahaaun chale, laachee maaree ttubhee,

lauang siro sir pittan lagaa, haae haae laachee ddubee| laj te gharraa

2 hath laaeaa uh mailaa lage

moonh laaeaa uh hase| sheesaa

3 pahilon jamiaa main, vat jamee meree taaee

chhik chhik ke main pio jamaaeaa|

vat jamee meree maaee| dadh, daheen, makhan, lasee

4 nher nher ghup thameean

nooh ne maaree ttakar, sahuraa jamiaa| kunjee jandaraa

5 einee ku ik gharree

raanee vee nahaatee, raajaa vee nahaataa,

fer bharee dee bharee| suramedaanee

6 aidhar kaatth, odhar kaatth, vich baitthaa jagan naath| baadaama

7 dharatee chhuttee ik gandal nikal, rodd maroddee jaan|

jaan taan bujhe sugharr siaanaa, jaan bujhe budhamaan|

8 eik naam karataaron paaeeai, sun ve meriaa veeraa|

eik ttaahanee noo trai fal lage, hing, javain, jeeraa|

9 do kabootar jauarre, jorree khanbh unhaan de kaale|

chaal unhaan dee attakee mattakee, rab unhaan noo paale|

ese kaal vich surataa naan daa ik panddit hoeaa, jis de naan hetth 360 bujhaarataan prachalit han| guroo naanak saahib dee baanee vich aaee is tuk de aadhaar te, jame jeeo jaane ke thaaun, surataa panddit taan kaa naaun ih aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai ki surataa panddat, guroo naanak saahib ton pahilaan hoeaa hovegaa | surate panddat deean bahuteean bujhaarataan keh mukarane aakheean jaa sakadeean han| udaaharan lee

1 majh kehee zimeen kehee treebhat kehee

majh lohee, jimeen rohee

ran jattee, hor sabh khaan dee chattee

2 bhairree ran dee bhairree chaal

aae praahunaa kutte baal

nak poonjhadee utale naal,

aattaa gunhe khurake vaal,

bhairree ran dee bhairree chaal|

3 eikaa put naa jaaeen rane

ghar jaae taan bhaandde bhane

baahar jaae taan maape anhe

laaddaan vich naa aakhaa mane ik put naa jaaeen rane|

4 mele de trai kam pake

dhoop, dhoorr, nikame dhakemele de trai kam pake |

ese tarhaan kurreean chirreean bakareean te tin jaataan athareean jaan so chaachaa, eik pio, sau daaroo ik ghio, sau ber ik sio aad vee surate panddat dee kirat dase jaande han |

sa vaaraan

panjaabee saahit dee beerarasee paranparaa bahut puraanee hai| panjaab dee bhoogolik sathitee hee ajihee hai ki ethon de vasaneekaan noo aad kaal ton hee baaharale haliaan daa saahamanaa karanaa paindaa rihaa| is lee yodhiaan noo yudhakhetar vich joojhan dee preranaa den lee vadh charrh ke beerataa dikhaaun vaaliaan daa jas gaaun lee vaaraan racheean jaandeean raheean|

pooravanaanak kaal vich jiharreean vaaraan racheean jaandeean raheean, aunhaan de lekhakaan daa saanoo pataa naheen | panddat taaraa singh narotam ne sabh ton pahilee aapanee pusatak guramat niranay saagara vich unhaan vaaraan de namoone daraj keete, jiharreean is kaal vich racheean geean te jinhaan deean dhaaranaan ute guroo granth saahib vich daraj vaaraan noo gaaun daa hukam ditaa giaa|

1 raae kamaal mauj dee vaar

2 ttundde asaraaje dee vaar

3 sikandar ibaraaheem dee vaar

4 lalaa bahileemaa dee vaar

5 hasane mahime dee vaar

6 moose dee vaar

einhaan vaaraan deean udaaharanaan namoone maatr ethe daraj keeteean jaa raheean han

1 raanaa raae kamaal dee ran bhaag baahee|

mauje dee talavanddeeon, charrhiaa saabaahee |

dtaaleen anbar chhaaeaa, fale ak kaahee|

jutte aahamo saahamane, neze jhalakaahee

mauje ghar vadhaaeean, ghar chaache dhaaheen| raae kamaal mauj dee vaara

2 kaal lalaa de des daa khoyaa bahileemaa,

hisaa chhatthaa manaae kai jal nahiron deenaa,

firaahoon hoe lalaa, ne ran manddayaa dheemaa,

bherr duhaan vich machiaa, satt pee aneemaa,

sir dharr ddige khet vich, jiaun baahan dteemaan,

dekh maare lale bahileem ne, ran main baaseemaa| lalaa bahileemaa dee vaar vichon

3 hasane mahime raaniaa, dohaan utthaaee dal|

mahimaa hasanaa maariaa, dudh ton makhee gee ttal|

bahute rang vigutiaan, atharabaan bett paaeaa ttutt gal|

aakheen maakhe dtaaddeean, do sheenh naa tturade ral|

mahimaa hasanaa raajapoot, raae bhaare bhattee|

hasane beemaanagee, naal mahime battee|

bherr dohaan daa machiaa, sar vage fattee|

mahime paaee fatah ran, gal hasane ghattee|

banh hasane noo chhaddiaa, jas mahime khattee| hasane mahime dee vaar vichon

4 trai sau satth maraatabaa, eik guree ddage|

charrhiaa moosaa, baadashaah sabh jage parakhe|

dand chitte badd haatheean, chahu kit varage|

rut pachhaatee bagaliaan, ghatt kaalee age|

ehee keetee moosiaa, kin karee naa age| moose dee vaar vichon

5 bhabakio sher saradool raae, ran maaroo baje

khaan sulataan badd soorame, vich ran de gaje|

khat likhe ttundde asaraaj noo paatashaahee aje|

ttikaa saarang baap ne ditaa bhar laje|

fateh paae asaraae jee, shaahee ghar sase|

ddaa. charan singh jee ne is vaar daa ik hor roop vee ditaa hai

bukiaa sher saradool raajaa|

pr sulataan tum barre kaajaa

khat likhe ttoonddaa asaraaj noo

laj rakheen saarang baap noo

ttikaa ditaa su raaje aap noo | ttundde asaraaje dee vaara

6 sikandar kahe braham noo ik gal kaaee|

teree saaddee ran vich aj pee larraaee|

toon naaheen ki main naaheen, eih hundee aaee|

raajapootee jaatee nasiaan ran laaj maraaheen|

larree aahamo saahamane, so kare so saaeen

paapee khal baraaham par charrh aae sikandar

bherr dohaan daa machiaa, badd ran de andar

farriaa khal baraaham ne, kar badd addanbar

badhaa sangal paaeikai jan keele andar |

aapanaa hukam manaaeike chhaddiaa jag andar| sikandar ibaraaheem dee vaara

eih vaaraan aakaar vich bahut lameea naheen, naa hee inhaan vich yudhakhetar de nazaare, sooramiaan de bherr te hathiaaraan dee lishak darasaaee gee hai, jiharree najaabat dee vaar jaan chanddee dee vaar vich saaddeean akhaan saahamane aa khalondee hai| ih vaaraan bhatt jaan maraasee pushato pust gaaunde ture aa rahe han|

ha futtakal rachanaa kise te vaaratak aad

ddaakattar mohan singh daa mat hai ki is kaal vich pushay naan daa ik kavee hoeaa hai, jis ne sabh ton pahilaan sasee punoo daa kisaa likhiaa| ih kisaa likhatee roop vich saanoo praapat naheen. is lee is baare kujh naheen aakhiaa jaa sakadaa|

ameer khusaro 1253 ton 1325 ee. laahauar, mulataan te dilee vich rihaa | faarasee vich is ne dter rachanaa keetee par ddaa. mohan singh, sujaan raae daa havaalaa de ke aakhade han ki ameer khusaro ne panjaab dee jabaan vich manohar ibaarat vich tugalak shaah te naasar deen dee larraaee noo nazamiaa hai, jis nazamee roop noo hind dee jbaan vich vaar kahinde han| is vaar ton binaan ameer khusaro deean bujhaarataan daa aseen pichhe havaalaa de aae haan | aam vidavaanaan daa vichaar hai ki bhaaratee itihaas te mithihaas naal sanbandhit bahut saare kise jiven soratth beejaa, gopee chand, mainaavantee, rasaaloo, kokilaa aad zaroor pooravanaanak kaal vich hee likhe ge honage, par saadde paas unhaan de koee namoone naheen |

aam vichaar ihee rihaa hai ki panjaabee vaaratak daa aaranbh lagabhag solhaveen sadee vich hoeaa, par ih ho naheen sakadaa, kiaun jo saadde paas atthaveen nauaveen sadee ton saahit dee ik nirantar dhaaraa chalee aa rahee hai te us vich vaaratak daa aabhaav naheen ho sakadaa| ddaakattar trilochan singh bedee ne terhaveen sadee dee ik vaaratak krit ekaadashee mahaatam daa havaalaa ditaa hai| ese tarhaan pro. preetam singh ne fareed jee kaa padhatee naamaa eik hor vaaratak rachanaa daa zikar keetaa hai, jinhaan ton ihee sittaa nikaladaa hai ki kavitaa de naalanaal vaaratak dee rachanaa vee hundee rahee hovegee| ih vaaratak aakaar vich bhaaven kavitaa de ttaakare te thorrhee hove, par likhee zaroor jaandee rahee | hetthaan aseen namoone maatr uparokat dohaan pusatakaan vichon vaaratak de kujh bhaag daraj karade haan

1. daiva te dee poojaa karan | so toose japaan karee bolee denaa | tab sree bramhaa jee naaradaa kee boladaa hain| he putar jee tuse ehe vadd pavitr kathaa puchhee aaj tik ehai kathaa ase kees paas naheen das | ehee je kathaa hain so mahaan gupat vaarataa hain| ase ehe kathaa kees paas naheen das| aaj tere paas main kathaa dasadaa hain | ikaadasee mahaatama

2. bagair gunah ek gharree naahee gujaree mujh par|

hajoor dil bandagee bhee ek gharree naheen gujaree |

yaa nisache jaan| in nafas ne meree saahib

naa raah maarayaa hai| nafas ind siaanaa soee jo har havaale shukar karai|

sabh sansaar main ahamak se hain jo indarayaa kai peechhe bahakayaa firain|

tis noo ant saahib naa bakasaigaa| fareed jee kaa pasatinaamaa

eis kaal deean hor vee futtakal rachanaavaan daa havaalaa kee vidavaanaan ne ditaa hai, jinee der tak unhaan baare koee nishachit saboot jaan paramaan naa mile unhaan sanbandhee charachaa karanee uchit prateet naheen hundee |

pooravanaanak kaal de saahit ute samachee jhaat

1. pooravanaanak kaal vich panjaabee saahit sirajanaa dee ik nishachit marayaadaa hond vich aa chukee see te atthaveen nauaveen sadee ton vakhavakh khetaraan, add manorathaan te bhinabhin kalaaroopaan vich saahit likhiaa jaan lag piaa see | is saahit de pichhe sansakrit, praakirataan te apabhranshaan dee ik nischit paranparaa turee aa rahee see, jinhaan vich kee sau sadeean ton utam saahit likhiaa jaandaa rihaa see | musalamaanaan de panjaab vich pravesh naal, eis bhaaratee saahit pranaalee vich arabee faarasee saahitaan dee mahaan paranparaa vee aa shaamal hoee, jinhaan ne panjaabee saahit lee neehaan daa kam keetaa|

2. madh kaal de lagabhag saare kalaa roopaan daa aaranbh pooravanaanak kaal vich ho chukaa see, yathaa veer kaav, soofee kaav, kisaa kaav, adhiaatamak kaav te vaaratak aad | bhaaven inhaan dee ginatee jaan aakaar bahutaa naheen te naa hee inhaan kalaaroopaan daa us vele tak pooran bhaant visataar jaan vikaas hee hoeaa see | saahitak pakiaaee jaan parapakataa dee ghaatt vee bahuteean kalaakritaan vich pratakh dikhaaee dindee hai|

3. eis kaal daa jiharraa saahit saanoo aj praapat hai, vishes tor te lokasaahit, lokavaaraan te lokabujhaarataan aad inhaan dee bhaashaa te lahije vich nische hee samen de beetan naal aj tabadeelee aa gee hai, kiaunjo lokamoonhaan te charrh charrh ke, eih varatamaan roop de bahut nerre puj gee hai| inhaan noo likhatee roop dter chir pichhon ditaa giaa|

4. baabaa fareed de shalok zaroor sdh te asalee roop vich saadde tak puje han | is daa kaaran ih hai ki guroo granth saahib vich sankalit hon uparant ih mool roop vich saanbhe rahe |

5. naathaan jogeean daa saahit vee saaddaa gauaravamee virasaa hai| adhiaatamik vichaaradhaaraa ton binaan is rachanaa daa mehatav is gal vich vee hai ki is naal saaddee bhaashaa apabhrans de roop ton nikal ke lok bhaasaa val aaee | panjaabee kavitaa noo raagaan naal jorran te lokachhandaan te kaavaroopaan daa prayog karan vich inhaan jogeean ne pahil keetee | madhakaal de saahit dee bahut saaree adhiaatamik sbadaavalee dee varaton vee pahilee vaar inhaan jogeean naal hee hoee |

6. panjaabee dee mool lipee sidhamaatrikaa dee varaton pahilon pahil inhaan jogeean ne hee keetee, jiharree sodhe jaan uparant guramukhee akhavaaee |

adhiaae chauathaa

guroo naanak kaal

1500 ee. ton 1700 ee.

a pichhokarr

guroo naanak kaal vich rachiaa giaa saahit, aakaar, ginatee te gunaan karake enaa vishaal te bahupakhee hai ki yog tauar te is noo panjaabee saahit de itihaas daa sunahiree kaala aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai| madhakaal de panjaabee saahit daa koee vee visaa, roop vanagee, dhaaraa jaa praviratee ajihee naheen see, jis de chin jaan pramaanoo saanoo is kaal de praapat saahit vichon dikhaaee naa den | pooravanaanak kaal vich panjaabee saahit dee aadhaarashilaa taan rakhee jaa chukee see par ih saahit nischit jaan niyamit leehaan te naheen see usariaa | viakateegat rachanaavaan te kujh ik dhaaraavaan adheen ugharradugharreean kritaan kise nirantar gatee daa prabhaav naheen paaundeean te jiharreean rachanaavaan saadde tak pujeean vee han, aunhaan baare kee tarhaan de vaadavivaad jaan kint hunde rahe, par is kaal baare bhaaratee te pachhamee sabh vidavaanaan dee saanjhee raae hai ki is samen rachiaa giaa saahit, sabh pakhaan ton mahaan hai | shaaeid is mahaanataa daa hee sittaa hai ki kujh vidavaanaan ne upa bhaavak ho ke aakhanaa suroo kar ditaa ki panjaabee bhaasaa, lipee te saahit daa mudt hee is kaal vich bajhaa | is bhulekhe noo door karan vich khojeean te hor vidavaanaan noo teeh chaalee saal lag ge|

eih ik itihaasak sachaaee hai ki is kaal de saahit deean shaanadaar ravaaeitaan de pichhokarr vich anukool anusaaree te dtutthavaan uh samaajik, dhaaramik te raajasee vaataavaran see, jis ne is saahit dee gatee te nuhaar noo nikhaariaa| ethe us baare sankhep jihee charachaa karanee jarooree prateet hundee hai|

guroo naanak kaal te mugal raaj daa samaan lagabhag iko hee hai| pahilee vaaree ik shakatee saalee raaj dee sathaapanaa naal des vich raajasee sathirataa kaaeim ho gee te ik saant vaataavaran paidaa hoeaa, jiharraa lokaan noo kee sadeean baad naseeb hoeaa | chhotteean motteean ghattanaavaan je vaaparadeean vee raheean taan unhaan daa aam lokaan de jeevan ute turant jaan sathaaee prabhaav bahut ghatt piaa|

baaharon aaunde musalamaanee dhaarraveean noo vee rok pai gee te luttamaar, zor jabar te dhake shaahee daa dauar kaafee had tak madham pai giaa | hindooaan ute hunde julam te unhaan noo jabaree musalamaan banaaun dee muhinm vee, soofee fkeeraan de udaar vivahaar te bhagatee lahir de aagooaan de prachaar kaaran pahilaan jine zoraan te naa rahee| akabar varage baadashaahaan dee sulaah dee neetee vee bahut had tak is dee jinmevaar aakhee jaa sakadee hai| bhagatee andolan de prabhaav adheen de sansakriteean daa mel, ghrinaa dee thaan shaantee, audaarataa te niralepataa daa zinmevaar baniaa | jahaangeer de raaj samen

guroo arajan dev jee dee shaheedee te aauarangazeb de samen guroo teg bahaadar te unhaan de bahut saare sevakaan daa katal, einhaan baadashaahaan dee kattarravaadee neetee daa fal see, jis de viradh prateekaram vajon guroo gobind singh ne khaalasaa saaj ke saamaraaj de khilaaf ik shakateesaalee andolan chalaaeaa te lataarree hoee saadhaaran janataa de manobal noo uchaa chukiaa| is tarhaan guroo naanak dee sikhiaa naal jithe bhagatee maarag panjaab vich aapane sikhar te pujaa uthe guroo gobind singh daa skatee daa prachaar, mugal raaj dee adhogatee daa kaaran baniaa|

guroo naanak de janam samen lodheean patthaanaan daa raaj see | ih raaj kise tarhaan vee lokahitaisee jaan shakateesaalee naheen aakhiaa jaa sakadaa | bhristtaachaar, vadteekhoree, beeemaanee te beeinasaafee jo us vele viaapak see, us daa chitar guroo naanak baanee te bhaaee guradaas dee pahilee vaar vichon sapashatt bhaant saadde dristteegochar hundaa hai

raaje sheenh mukadam kute,

jaae jagaaein baitthe sute |

jaan

kal kaatee raaje kasaaee, dharam pankh kar uddariaa,

koorr amaavas, sach chandramaa deesai naaheen kai charrhiaa |

bhaaee guradaas de shabadaan vich us vele daa chitar dekho

kal aaee kute muhee, khaaj huaa muradaar gusaaeen|

raaje paap kamaanvade, aulattee vaarr khet kau khaaee|

parajaa andhee gayaan bin, koorr kusat mukhahu aalaaee|

chele saaz vajaaeinde, nachan guroo bahut bidh bhaaee|

sevak baitthan gharaan vich guroo utth ghareen tinaarre jaaee|

kaazee hoee rishavatee, vadtee lai ke hak gavaaee|

eisataree purakhai daam hit, bhaaven aae kithaaoon jaaee|

varatiaa paap sabhas jag maahee |

guroo naanak ne lodheean de bhairre raaj daa jo chitar baabarabaanee vich pesh keetaa hai, uh us vele dee raajasee sathitee dee moonh boladee tasaveer hai

paap kee janjh lai kaabalahu dhaaeaa, zoree mange daan ve laalo|

saram dharam due chhap khaloe, koorr firai paradhaan ve laalo|

kaajeean braahamanaan dee gal bakee, agad parrhe saitaan ve laalo|

ate raajiaan dee dashaa kee see

saahaan surat gavaaeean rang tamaashai chaae|

baabar vaanee fir gee, kueir na rottee khaae|

hindoo jaatee dee us vele dee dhaaramik dashaa baare ddaakattar gokal chand naarang aapanee prasadh pusatak ttraansafaaramesn aauaf sikhizam vich likhade han

asalee dharam de some niraarathak rasamaan reetaan, foke vahimaan panddataan de savaarath ate lokaan dee agiaanataa de kaaran suk ge san| asaleeat dee thaan keval dekhadikhaavaa hee reh giaa see

ate hindoo mat daa ucheraa adhiaatamavaad bhinabhin mataan de bharrakeele dikhaave hetth dab giaa| sadeean ton ho rahe hamaliaan, badeshee hakoomat de bhairraa ate zulamaan ne bahut hee tarasayog haalat paidaa kar ditee see te nimojhoonataa kaaran sadaachaarik giraavatt vadh chukee see| iho jihee haalat see, jis vich ki guroo naanak dev jee ne hindooaan noo vekhiaa |

te bhaaee guradaas aapanee pahilee vaar vich is dashaa noo inj chitarade han

kalijug bodh aautaar hai, bodh abodh naa drishattee aavai|

koee naa kise varajadaa, soee kare joee man bhaavai |

kise poojaaee silaa sun, koee goreen marree pujaavai|

tantr mantr paakhandd kar, kalah krodh bahu vaad vadhaavai|

aapo dhaapee hoe kai, nayaare nayaare dharam chalaavai|

koee puje chandar soor, koee dharat akaash manaavai |

paaun paanee baisantaron, dharam raaj koee tripataavai|

fokatt dharamee bharam bhulaavai |

aus vele samaajik dashaa dhaaramik dasaa ton vee bhairree see | samaaj vich jaatee vanddeean, aoocha neech, vahimabharam, bhittachhoot, fokeean rasamaan, reetaan is had tak san ki jeevan narak samaan see | bhekhee saanoo jhoottheean karaamaataan dikhaa ke bhole bhaale lokaan noo aapane pichhe laa rahe san | braahamanavaad is had tak chhaaeaa hoeaa see ki lokaan de samaajik, bhaaeechaarik jaan sadaachaarik jeevan ute vee unhaan daa tthapaa lagaa hoeaa see | lokaan dee aarathik dashaa vee barree bhairree see| keval raaj adhikaaree jaan luttakhasatt karan vaale haakam te jaagareedaar aad raj ke rottee khaande san | aam janataa dee jeevanapadhar bahut neeveen see | ajihee dasaa vich rachiaa giaa saahit jithe aapanee samakaalee jeevan dee hoobahoo tasaveer pes karadaa hai, authe is dashaa vichon nikalan dee preranaa den vaalaa amar saahit vee rachiaa giaa, jiharraa maanavavaad dee drishattee ton lokabhaavaan dee tarajamaanee karadaa hoeaa, aunhaan dee agavaaee de samarath baniaa|

guroo naanak kaal vich rache ge saahit daa sankhep saravekhan

a guramat kaavadhaaraa

guroo naanak kaal vich rache ge samache saahit vichon sabh ton sreshatt rachanaa sikh guroo saahibaan dee baanee hai, jiharree aadagranth vich sankalit keetee gee hai | ih baanee aapanee sidhaantak pakiaaee te kalaagat nipunataa karake, madhakaal de samache adhiaatamik saahit vich ik vishes sathaan rakhadee hai| jithe ih rachanaa bhagatee mat de aasiaan de anukool rachee gee, authe is dee ik vilakhanataa ih hai ki ih lokajeevan de vadh ton vadh nikatt hai ate lokabhaashaa te prachalit kaavaroopaan vich hon karake, lokamanaan noo vadh ton vadh khich paaundee hoee samaajik, sabhiaachaarik te dhaaramik khetaraan vich unhaan dee suchet bhaant agavaaee karadee hai| vaasatav vich guroo saahibaan daa saahit, panjaabee kauameeat, panjaabee sabhiaachaar te panjaabee charatar dee navausaaree daa lakhaaeik hai jis daa anubhav panjaabeean noo pahilee vaar hoeaa| guramat saahit baare ddaakattar mohan singh likhade han guroo saahibaan ne

1. ddaakattar mohan singh, ain inttaroddakashan ttoo panjaabee littarechar, panaa 56

auche aadarashaan noo hamesaan saahamane rakhiaa| uh manakhee aatamaavaan de usareee san| uh naa keval yathaarath de darask san, sagon ajihe ghaarre san jinhaan ne manakhee jeevan noo navaan roop ditaa| unhaan vich aapanee rachanaa prat vee satikaar see te manakhee aatamaa lee jinmevaaree daa ahisaas vee| unhaan ne lokasataa te lok adhiaatamik saramaae noo saakaar keetaa| unhaan daa amar saahit jeevan ton agere see |

guramat saahit daa sikhar, guroo granth saahib dee sanpaadanaa 1604 ee. see, jis vich gurooaan ton binaan hor bhagataan te fakeeraan dee rachanaa vee daraj hai | sansaar de adhiaatamik saahit vich ih ik adatee krit aakhee jaa sakadee hai| is sanbandhee sarabapakhee vichaar ik vakhare adhiaae vich keetee jaa rahee hai|

guroo saahibaan ton binaan guroo aashiaan dee pooran bhaant viaakhiaa karan vaale ik mahaan kavee bhaaee guradaas san, jinhaan dee rachanaa bhaaven guroo granth saahib vich daraj naheen, par us daa darajaa saahitak te sidhaantak pakhaan ton kise tarhaan vee ghatt naheen| hor ughe bhagataan vichon bhagat kaanhaa, chhajoo, jalhan, sutharaa te valee raam varananayog naan han, jinhaan dee rachanaa aj vee lokamoonhaan te charrhee hoee hai|

e soofee kaavadhaaraa

panjaabee vich soofee kaavadhaaraa daa mudt taan baabaa fareed naal hee bajh chukaa see, par ddaakattar mohan singh unhaan noo pahile parraa daa soofee aakhade han, kiaunk uh sharhaan deean paabandeean ton laanbhe naheen ge | isalaam de naal hee soofee mat bhaarat vich failiaa | sabh ton pahilaan is ne panjaab vich pair pasaare ate panjaabee jeevan te panjaabee saahit noo behad prabhaavit keetaa | pichhon soofeean ne isalaam de mazhabee kattarravaad daa tiaag kar ditaa ate vedaant te bhaagavat dharam de prabhaav grahin kar le | sreeat naalon tareekat ute vadh jor ditaa jaan lagaa ate naal hee inhaan dee rachanaa vichon arabeeeeraanee naalon bhaaratee te panjaabee rangan vadhere dikhaaee den lagee | prinseepal tejaa singh anusaar panjaabee soofee kavitaa vich hun dajale te faraat naalon jhanaa te sataluj sookan . lage ate heer raanjhaa sasee punoo aad preet de aadarask pramaan samajhe jaan lage| panjaab daa samaajik te sabhiaachaarak jeevan, ethon daa chauagiradaa, ethon dee bhaashaa, lok chhand, alankaar, chinh te binb soofee kavitaa daa shingaar banan lage | pahilee vaar soofee kaveean ne rab dee saravaviaapak hond noo saveekaar kar ke dhaaramik sahinaseelataa daa prachaar keetaa, jis naal ih kavitaa nirol musalamaanee gheriaan vichon nikal ke panjaabeean de jeevan daa ang ban gee |

guroo naanak kaal de ughe soofee kaveean vich shaah husain, sulataan baahoo te shaah sraf vises sathaan rakhade han| inhaan sabhanaan baare visataarapoorabak charachaa age keetee gee hai|

sa kisaa kaavadhaaraa

bhaaven ddaakattar mohan singh panjaabee kisaakaav daa mudt pooravanaanak kaal vich hee mithade han, ate unhaan ne ik do kisaakaaraan de naan te unhaan de kisiaan daa havaalaa vee ditaa hai, par unhaan kisiaan de namoone praapat naa hon karake, aunhaan baare kujh naheen aakhiaa jaa sakadaa| ese tarhaan unhaan ne kujh ik dhaaramik te lokik kathaavaan de aadhaar te kise likhe jaan deean sanbhaavanaavaan daa vee zikar keetaa hai, par unhaan kritaan de vee koee pramaan saadde tak naheen puje| is lee kisaakaav daa

ttheek mudt aseen guroo naanak kaal ton hee mithade haan| faarasee kavitaa daa prasadh roop masanavee panjaabee kisaakaav daa aadhaar aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai, kiaun jo faarasee kavitaa vich lanbee kahaanee noo ihee naa ditaa jaadaa see | aseen us lee arabee bhaashaa daa sbad kisaa apanaa liaa| jithe faarasee masanavee vich har prakaar daa vishaa lai liaa jaandaa see, authe panjaabee kaveean ne keval ishak prem dee kahaanee noo hee kisaa aakhiaa hai| kujh ik vidavaanaan daa vichaar hai ki panjaabee de bahute kisaakaaraan ne aapane kise nirol faarasee de aadhaar te hee usaare han, keval sathaanak rangan te graameen chhohaan panjaabeean vaaleean han, baakee dtaachaa faarasee masanavee vaalaa hee hai|

guroo naanak kaal de prasadh kisaakaar 1 damodar kasaa heer raanjhaa 2 peeloo kasaa mirazaa saahibaan, 3 haafaj barakhuradaar mirazaa saahibaan ton binaan kisaa sasee punoo te yoosaf julaikhaan pahilee vaar rache. 4 ahimad gujar baintaan vich heer raanjhe daa kisaa hoe han | solhaveen te sataarhaveen, de sadeean de itihaas vich keval chaar kisaakaaraa daa honaa ih sidh karadaa hai ki ih kaav roop aje tak aapane bharapoor roop vich vigasit naheen see hoeaa| agaleean do sadeean vich jithe kisaakaaraan dee ginatee sau de kareeb ate kisiaan dee rachanaa kee sainkarriaan tak jaa pujadee hai, taan is ton ihee sittaa nikaladaa hai ki guroo naanak kaal, kisaakaav daa aaranbhik kaal hee see| kisiaan de vishe vee is kaal vich seemit hee rahe| inhaan kisaakaaraan baare vichaar agale adhiaae vich keetee jaa rahee hai|

ha beer kaavadhaaraa

panjaabee saahit vich beerakaav daa aaranbh pooravanaanak kaal vich hee ho chukaa see, jis baare charachaa keetee jaa chukee hai| eih dhaaraa is kaal vich vee chaladee rahee, par beerakaav de pradhaan kalaaroop vaar daa saroop is kaal vich badal giaa te duniaavee vaaraan de naal naal adhiaatamik jaan dhaaramik vaaraan vee likheean jaan lag peean| ajiheean 22 vaaraan guroo granth saahib vich daraj han, 39 vaaraan bhaaee guradaas ne racheean te do vaaraan dooje guradaas de naan hetth prachalit han |

eis kaal de ughe beerarasee kavee abadalaa, peer muhamad, haafiz, barakhuradaar te guroo gobind singh jee han| guroo gobind singh rachit chanddee dee vaar naal beerakaav sikhar te pujadaa hai | beerakaav daa doojaa kalaaroop janganaamaa vee ese kaal vich haafaz barakhuradaar raaheen saadde tak pujaa| asal vich beerakaav daa sanbandh panjaabee jeevan naal is had tak hai ki is dee rachanaa har kaal vich nirantar hundee aa rahee hai te aadhunik kaal vich vee jithe saahit de hor anek nave roop hond vich aa chuke han, beer kaav dee lokapriyataa use tarhaan kaaeim hai. bhaaven is lee koee kaavaroop vee kiaun naa apanaaeaa giaa hove | saaddaa ih nishachit mat hai ki jad tak panjaabee kauam te panjaabee saahit jeeaunde han, beer kaav dee rachanaa hundee rahegee, kiaunjo panjaab dee bhoogolik sathitee, eis daa puraatan virasaa, paranparaavaan, eitihaas te panjaabee charatar, sabh is dhaaraa noo jeeaundee rakhanage|

ka vaaratak

har bhaashaa vich vaaratak daa janam kavitaa naalon pichhon hundaa hai | pooravanaanak kaal vich rachee gee vaaratak de kujh pramaan de ke aseen sidh keetaa see ki us kaal vich panjaabee vaaratak aaranbh

ho chukaa see | guroo naanak kaal vich vaaratak dee rachanaa naa keval aakaar valon, sagon vishiaan, parakaar ate roopaan dee vibhinataa kar ke vee saaddaa vishes dhiaan khichadee hai | janam saakheean, tteeke, jap, paramaarath, bachan, mahaatam, goshattaan te hukamanaame is kaal dee vaaratak de kujh ku ughe roop han| sailee de pakhon jithe ih vaaratak parapak te nipun hai, authe daarashanik, birataantak, varananee, viaakhiaamee te vaarataalaapee sabh dtangaan dee vaaratak saadde tak pujee hai | mudtalee vaaratak daa jithe kavitaa naalon bahut nikherr dikhaaee naheen dindaa hai, authe haualee haualee is daa vikaas pratakh dikhaaee dindaa hai, jis ton ik nishachit sailee hond vich aaun lagee |

guroo naanak kaal vich rachee gee vaaratak daa sankhep veravaa is prakaar hai

1 puraatan janam saakhee, jis noo maikaalaf vaalee janam saakhee jaan valait vaalee janam saakhee vee aakhiaa jaandaa hai|

2 bhaaee bidhee chand vaalee saakhee

3 sodtee miharabaan dee janam saakhee

4 teehaan aad saakheean

5 guroo jee ke muhi deean saakheean

6 goshattaan guroo naanak jee deeanajite randhaave, janak, nirankaar, kalajug te kaaroo naal

7 baabe laal te daaraa shakoa dee gostt

8 jap paramaarath

9 haazar naamaa

10 sidh goshatt deean ttipaneean

11 chhajoo bhagat daa geetaa mahaatam

12 hukamanaame

auparokat verave ton sapashatt ho jaandaa hai ki is kaal vich bahupakhee vaaratak rachee| sabh ton pradhaan gadaroop janamasaakheean daa hee hai, jiharraa aakaar te prakaar dohaan pakhaan ton utam hai| pro. pooran singh puraatan panjaabee vaaratak baare likhade han, panjaabee saahit guroo naanak jee de mandaraan de aaleduaale, birachhaan dee chhaavaan vich paliaa | nasar vaarataka unhaan lokaan ne pahilee vaar likhee jinhaan de hentth guroo saahib de piaare amrit naal sinche, gulaab deean pateean vaang sifat sameer naal hilade san |

janam saakheean dee bhaashaa ute lahindee daa prabhaav pratakh hai| sailee te sbadaavalee ute musalamaanee rangat charrhee hoee hai| is kaal dee vaaratak baare verave sahit vichaar agale adhiaae vich keetee gee hai|

kha bhaashaa te lipee

guroo naanak kaal vich rache ge saahit dee bhaashaa baare vee sankhep vich zikar karanaa jrooree prateet hundaa hai| pichhe aseen likh chuke haan ki is kaal dee pradhaan saahitak rachanaa, sikh guroo saahibaan dee hai, jis de pramaan saanoo aad granth vich milade han| guroo naanak saahib jis vele ih shabad uchaarade han| bolee avar tumaaree jaan malechh bhaakhiaa gahee taan pratakh tauar te unhaan daa nishaanaa te aades ih see ki baaharaleean bhaasaavaan dee bajaae ethon dee lokabhaasaa noo

apanaaeaa jaae | ih ruchee saanoo saare guramat saahit vich dikhaaee dindee hai | ih ttheek hai ki guroo granth saahib vich bhaashaa dee vanasuvanataa de anaginat prayog milade han, par samache saahit dee pradhaan sur panjaabee hee hai | bhaaven guroo gobind singh te unhaan de darabaaree kaveean dee bahutee rachanaa brijee vich hai par is brijee daa lahijaa te uchaaran vee panjaabee vaalaa hee hai|

eis kaal dee bhaashaa de bhin bhin roop is prakaar han

a guroo saahibaan dee saahitak bhaashaa kendaree panjaabee, jis ute kite kite saadh bhaashaa te hindavee dee putth charrhee hoee hai|

a kisaa kaav te soofee kaveean dee bolee jiharree lokabolee see te jis vich kendaree te lahindee panjaabee de ralaven roop milade han |

e bhaaee guradaas dee kendaree panjaabee jis daa lahijaa te uchaaran ajokee panjaabee de bahut nerre daa hai|

sa vaaratak saahit dee bhaashaa, jis noo puraanee panjaabee aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai|

guramukhee lipee noo sodh ke is noo panjaabee uchaaran de mutaabik dtaal ke ate naveen tarateeb de ke, ese kaal vich saahitak lorraan lee varaton vich liaandaa giaa | bhaaven musalamaan lekhak faarasee lipee dee varaton karade rahe, par baakee sabh lekhak te unhaan deean rachanaavaan, guramukhee lipee vich hee saadde tak aparreean han|

auparokat sankhep saravekhan te is kaal deean samacheean praapateean de aadhaar te aseen is kaal noo nishache hee panjaabee saahit daa sunahiree kaal aakh sakade haan |

adhiaae panjavaan

guroo naanak kaal de saahit deean pramakh dhaaraavaan te paravirateean

pichhale adhiaae vich aseen guroo naanak kaal vich rache ge saahit daa sankhep saravekhan keetaa ate vakhavakh dhaaraavaan adheen hoee saahitasirajanaa baare mudtalee jaanakaaree ditee see | is adhiaae vich har dhaaraa de ughe lekhakaan dee samachee saahitak den te saahit vich unhaan de sathaan baare saravapakhee vichaar keetee jaavegee te naal hee unhaan paravirateean daa vee zikar keetaa jaavegaa jinhaan duaaraa us kaal vich rache saahit dee nuhaar pachhaanee jaa sakadee hai|

a guramat kaavadhaaraa

solhaveen sataarhaveen sadee vich rache ge panjaabee saahit vichon guramat kaavadhaaraa sabh ton shakateesaalee aakhee jaa sakadee hai, kiaunjo is kaal deean hor saareean saahitak praapateean naalon jithe aakaar vich ih sabh ton vadh hai, authe lok bhaavanaavaan dee vee ih sabh ton vadh tarajamaanee karadee hai | saare guroo saahibaan ne samaaj noo adhiaatamik, bhaaeechaarak, sadaachaarik te sabhiaachaarik aad, bhinabhin pakhaan ton unat karan lee, saahit noo ik saadhan vajon varatiaa te is noo pahilee vaaree jeevan naal jorr ke, lokajeevan dee nigar usaaree daa saadhan sidh keetaa| unhaan ne aacharanak pavatarataa te aatamik uchataa lee amar saahit dee sirajanaa keetee te is noo vadh ton vadh lokaanubhav de nerre rakh ke, lokabhaashaa, lokachhandaan te lokapriy kaavaroopaan vich shabadabadh karake, aam lokaan dee sukojatripatee vee keetee | saaree rachanaa sangeetak laia vich dtaal ke vakhavakh raagaan te raaganeean vich is noo gaaun daa aadesh ditaa taan jo geet dee laia vich manamugadh ho ke janasaadhaaran, aatamik te maanasik anand praapat kar sakan|

guramat saahit vich jithe jeevan deean amar sachaaeean roopamaan keeteean geean han, authe jeevan dee nijhak aalochanaa vee keetee gee hai te galat keemataan daa zoradaar bhaashaa vich khanddan vee keetaa giaa hai| giaan duaaraa lokaanubhav noo visaal karake ik naveen chetanataa bharee, jeevan dee navausaaree lee saarathik sujhaa dite te unhaan vich ik navaanbal bhariaa, jis duaaraa uh har aauakarr daa saamhanaa karan de samarath ban ge| naveean naroeean leehaan ute kauamee ausaaree, eis saahit dee sabh ton vaddee karaamaat aakhee jaa sakadee hai| dasaan vichon sat guroo saahibaan ne saahit sirajanaa keetee| inhaan ton binaan guroo aashiaan dee viaakhiaa lee anaginat saahitakaaraan valon kararree ghaalanaa keetee gee te gad te pad dohaan roopaan vich ik naveen saahitak dhaaraa veh turee, jiharree aj tak nirantar jaaree hai|

guroo naanak dev jee 14691539 ee. guroo naanak naal panjaabee vich ik naven saahitak yug daa aaranbh hundaa hai| aap ne guramat dee ik naveen vichaaradhaaraa daa mudt banhiaa

te saahit noo lokajeevan naal jorran dee naveen pirat paaee | aap ne aam lokaan deean bhaavanaavaan te jazabiaan dee naa keval tarajamaanee hee keetee, sagon neeven nitaane te lataarre hoe lokaa de hak vich ik zabaradasat aavaaj buland keetee ate aapane aap noo unhaan daa saathee dasiaa

neechaa andar neech jaat, neechee hau at neech |

naanak tin ke sang saath, vaddiaan siau kiaa rees|

aap ne manakhaan noo jaatapaat, chhootachhaat, aoochaneech te samaajik bhedabhaao deean tang valaganaan vichon kadt ke, auchaa, suchaa balavaan te bekhauaf jeevan jeeaun dee jaach dasee | adhiaatamik pavatarataa te sach dee pachhaan ute zor ditaa, par inhaan ton vee vadh ke, uche aachaar noo mehatav dindiaan hoeaa aakhiaa

sachahu ure sabh kau, upar sach aachaar|

guroo saahib ik adatee shakhaseeat te alokik pratibhaa de maalak san, ik mahaan rehasavaadee, pratibhaasheel kavee, akaalapurakh de anin bhagat, sangeet de rasee| inhaan sabhanaan khoobeean de pramaan saanoo unhaan de rache hoe saahit vichon milade han| is amar saahit dee sabh ton vaddee khoobee ih hai ki ddoonghe ton ddoonghe, ganbheer ton ganbheer ate sookham adhiaatamik vishiaan noo lokaanubhav de vadh ton vadh nerre rakhiaa te us noo lokabhaasaa de maadhiam raaheen roopamaan keetaa hai| aap daa saahit aakaar te prakaar, gunaan te ginatee valon panjaabee saahit noo ik amar den hai|

guroo granth saahib vich aap dee jiharree baanee daraj hai, auh guroo arajan saahib ton chhutt, baakee sabhanaan naalon vadh hai| guroo granth saahib ton baahar vee aap de naan hetth bahut saaree baanee prachalit hai, jis dee pramaanikataa baare shak hai| aad granth vich daraj aap dee baanee daa veravaa is prakaar hai 1 japujee saahib. 2 raag aasaa, maajh te malhaar vich racheean vaaraan, 3 tukhaaree raag daa baarhaamaanh, 4 raag aasaa, pattee, 5 baabar baanee, 6 sohilaa. 7 alaahuneean, 8 kee shabad te slok, 9 chhant te rekhataa | vidavaanaan anusaar is saaree baanee de kul 2949 band han|

guroo saahib dee saaree baanee raagaan vich hai| guroo granth saahib de 31 raagaan vichon 19 raagaan vich aap dee baanee miladee hai| guroo saahib ne jeevan de lagabhag 24 varhe desh desaantaraan daa rattan. keetaa ate aapane samen de har dharam, firake, jaatee te vichaaradhaaraa de aagooaan te vidavaanaan noo mile ate unhaan naal vichaaravattaandare uparant aapane lee maualik, nigar, vigiaanak te upayogee maarag dhaaran keetaa| aap dee saaree baanee vichon hetth likhe tin daarashanik sidhaant ugharrade han. jinhaan noo aap ne sapastt te nischit bhaasaa vich saadde dristteegochar keetaa| ih tin pakh maanava samaaj dee aad kaal ton jigiaasaa rahe han te har dhaaramik aagoo ne aapo aapanee samajh te aapo aapanee budh te pratibhaa duaaraa unhaan daa utar den jaan labhan daa yatan keetaa | ih tin pakh han

a is sansaar vich rahindiaan samaajik te sadaachaarak pakh ton aadarashak jeevan jeeaun dee jaanch |

a aatamaa te paramaatamaa sanbandhee sach dee bhaal |

e srishatteerachanaa jaan visv de pasaar naal sanbandhit rehas jiharre aj visv bhar de vigiaaneean deean khojaan daa mukh rujhevaan baniaa hoeaa hai|

guroo naanak baanee vich uparokat tinaan pakhaan ute bharapoor chaanan paaeaa giaa hai ate vishes karake aasaa dee vaar, japujee te sidh goshatt vichon is de pramaan dekhe jaa sakade han | jithe daarasnik pakhon guroo jee dee baanee adutee te mahaan hai, authe kaavakalaa dee drishattee ton vee is noo sarabotam sathaan praapat hai | saaree rachanaa sangeetak lai jaan raagaatamikataa vich bajhee hoee hai te is vich chhandaan dee vanasuvanataa ton binaan saare ras vee dekhe jaa sakade han| hetthaan inhaan deean kujh udaaharanaan diteean jaa raheean han

shingaar ras

meree run jhun laaeaa

bhaine saavan aaeaa|

tere mundh kattaare jevaddaa, tin lobhee lobh lubhaaeaa|

choorraa bhan palangh siau mundhe, san baaheen san baanhaa|

ete ves karendee mundhe, shahu raato avaraahaa|

naa maniaar na choorreean naa se vangarreeaahaa|

je sahu kantth na lageean, jalan se baaharreean|

rodr ras

je sakataa sakate kau maare

taan man ros naa hoee|

sakataa seehu maare pai vage,

khasame saa purasaaee|

adabhut ras

visamaad naad, visamaad ved|

visamaad jeea, visamaad bhed |

visamaad roop, visamaad rang|

visamaad naange, fireh jant|

visamaad paun, visamaad paanee|

visamaad aganee, kheddeh viddaanee|

haas ras

vaaein chele nachan gur|

pair halaaein feran sir|

audd udd raavaa jhaatte paae|

vekho lok hasai ghar jaae |

rotteea kaaran pooreh taal|

aap pachhaarreh dharatee naal|

karunaa ras

sajan maindde raangule, jaae sute jeeraan|

hanbhee vanvaan ddoonmanee, rovaan jheenee baan|

kee na sune hee goree, aapan kanee soe|

lagee aaveh saahure, nit na peeea hoe|

beer ras

eih bhavajal jagat sabad gur tareeai |

antar kee dubidhaa, antar jareeai|

panch baan le jam kau maarai|

raaganantar dhanookh charrhaaeaa|

shaant ras

sakheeo sahelarreeo, meraa pir vanajaaraa raam|

har naam vanajaariaa, ras mel apaaraa raam |

anado anahad vaajai, hun jhunakaare raam|

meraa mano meraa man raataa, laal piaare raam |

bhiaanak ras

bhai vich pavan vahai sad vaao|

bhai vich chaleh lakh dareeaau|

bhai vich agan kadtai vegaar |

bhai vich dharatee dabee bhaar|

bhai vich ind firai sir bhaar|

bhai vich raajaa dharam duaar|

bhai vich sooraj bhai vich chand |

koh karorree chalat naa ant|

beebhatas ras

sir khohaae, peeeh malavaanee, mang mang khaahee|

fol fadeehit moohi lain bharraasaan, paanee dekh sagaahee|

bheddaan vaangoo sir khohaaeih, bhareean hath suaahee|

maaoo peeaoo kirat gavaaein, ttabar rovan dhaahee|

saare rasaan ton binaan guroo jee ne anek chhandaan noo barree kushalataa naal nibhaaeaa hai, jinhaan vich doharaa, soratthaa, savaiyaa, chaupade, ashattapade aad dee varaton vadhere hai | ese tarhaan aap dee rachanaa dee alankaar yojanaa vee saaddaa vises dhiaan khichadee hai, jis vich upamaa te roopak alankaaraan ton chhutt, drishattaant, atakathanee, aulekh te anupraas aad varananayog han| inhaan alankaaraan deean ik do udaaharanaan deneean uchat prateet hundeean han

atakathanee alankaar

naanak kaagad lakh manaan parr parr keechai bhaau|

masoo tott na aavee lekhan paaun chalaau|

bhee teree keemat naa pavai, hau kevadd aakhaan naaun |

aupamaa alankaar

jaise jal meh kamal niraalam muragaaee naisaane|

surat sabad bhav saagar tareeai, naanak naam vakhaane|

guroo saahib deean anaginat tukaan attal sachaaeean daa roop dhaar ke lok jeevan daa ang ban geean han te aam lokaan valon aapo aapane mat jaan vichaaraan dee pushattee lee inhaan noo duharaaeaa jaadaa hai, jiven

1 tteea kaaran pooreh taal|

2 hak paraaeaa naanakaa us sooar us gaae|

3 nivai so gauraa hoe|

4 dhan pir ihi naa aakheean bahin ikatthe hoe |

5 mitthat neeveen naanakaa gun changiaaeea tat|

6 vakhat veechaare, su bandaa hoe |

7 galeen aseen changeean, aachaaree bureean|

8 parrhiaa moorakh aakheeai jis lab lobh aahankaar|

9 man andhaa, naaun sujaan |

10 fitt ivehaa jeeviaa, jit khaae vadhaaeaa pett|

eiho jiheean anaginat udaaharanaan hor vee diteean jaa sakadeean han| guroo saahib dee samachee kaavasirajanaa saadde saahit daa amar khajaanaa hai| unhaan ne barre maan naal aapane aap noo shaaeir aakhiaa naanak shaaeir ev kahit hai| bhaaven unhaan ne vises tauar te aapane vele de samakaalee masaliaan noo aapanee baanee daa aadhaar banaaeaa, par ih har yug te har samen de manakhaan lee ott te aasaraa vee hai te vangaar vee|

guroo angad dev jee 15041552 ee. guroo naanak dev jee ton pichhon guroo angad dev guragadee te biraajamaan hoe | aap dee rachee hoee baanee guroo granth saahib vich baakee sabh gurooaan naalon ghatt hai| aap de rache hoe 63 shalokaan daa mool visaa niramaanataa guroobhagatee sradhaa te prem hai| ih slok jaan taan baakee gurooaan deean vaaraan vich aaunde han jaan vaaraan ton vadheeka slokaan de siralekh hetth | ih slok barree saadaa te saral sailee vich han ate inhaan vich zindagee deean paramasachiaaeean noo pragattaaeaa giaa hai | guroo naanak dev jee de jotee jot samaaun te aap ne ih salok uchaariaa

jis piaare siaun neh, tis aagai mar chaleeai

dhrig jeevan sansaar, taake paachhe jeevanaa|

aap dee rachanaa de kujh ku namoone is prakaar han

1 je sau chandaa ugavahi, sooraj charreh hazaar|

ete chaanan hondiaan gur bin ghor andhaar |

2 jo sir saaeen naa nive, so sir deejai ddaar |

naanak jis pinjar main brihaa naheen, so pinjar lai jaar|

3 naanak chintaa mat karo, chintaa tis hee hai|

jal mai jant upaaeikai, tinaa bhee rozee de |

aap de rache hoe bahut saare shalok lokokateean ban geea han, jiven

1 haumai deerugh rog hai, daaroo bhee is maahi|

2 naal eaane dosatee kade naa aavai raas|

3 mandaa kis noo aakhee, jaan sabhanaa saahib ek |

eik ravaaeit prachalit hai ki aap ne bhaaee pairre mokhe noo san ke. bhaaee baale paason guroo naanak dev jee baare samaachaar sun ke unhaan de aadhaar te us paason pahilee janamasaakhee tiaar karavaaee, jiharree bhaaee baale vaalee janam saakhee akhavaaee | guramukhee lipee noo vee aap ne sodh ke gurabaanee noo likhan lee varaton vich liaandaa te is noo parrhaaee lee vee prachalit keetaa|

guroo amaradaas jee 14791574 ee. guroo amaradaas jee dee rachanaa daa vishaa taan guroo naanak vaalaa hee hai par biaanadtang, shailee te kalaatamak gunaan karake, eis noo pachhaaniaa jaa sakadaa hai| aap ne vadderee umar vich jaa ke baanee likhanee shuroo keetee| aap dee baanee daa veravaa is prakaar hai

1 anand saahib 2 chaar vaaraan raag soohee, raag gujaree, raag maaroo te raag raamakalee 3 ashattapadeean, shabad te slok kul milaa ke 896 han| anand saahib aap dee sabh ton sreshatt te pratinidh rachanaa hai, jis vich daarashanik vichaaraan te aatamik rehasaan noo barre bhaavapoorat rang vich pes keetaa hai| aap dee saaree rachanaa jithe raagaan vich bajhee hoee hai, authe shabadaan dee chon, suhaj, lai te taal vich ik vakharee mitthaas dis aaundee hai | aap dee rachanaa de kujh ku namoone is prakaar han

1 sateea ihi naa aakheean, jo marrheean lag jalan|

naanak sateean jaaneean jo birahe chott maran |

2 eih tan sabho rat hai rat bin tan na hoe|

jo seh rate aapane tith tan lobh rat na hoe|

3 aisaa kam moole naa keechai jit ant pachhotaaeeai|

guroo raamadaas jee 15341581 ee aap dee rachanaa tthetth panjaabee daa sundar namoonaa hai, jis ute lahindee daa prabhaav pratakh hai| aap dee rachanaa dee khoobee paramaatamaa te guroo lee athaah prem te sharadhaa hai, jis noo biaan karan lee bhin bhin alankaaraan te jeevan te tajarabiaan naal ik navaan rang te ras paidaa keetaa hai | kavitaa vich lai, taal te ras dee pradhaanataa hai, bhaaven tukaan dee lanbaaee kee vaar vaaratak daa bhulekhaa paaundee hai| guroo granth saahib vich sabh ton vadh vaaraan aap jee deean hee han jinhaan dee ginatee 8 hai | aap jee de rache hoe kul shabad 638 han jinhaan vich bhinabhin chhandaan te raagaan dee varaton keetee gee hai| aap dee baanee vichon kujh ku vanageean is prakaar han

1 har prem baanee man maariaa, aneeaale aneean raam raaje|

jis laagee peerr piram kee so jaane jareea|

jeevan mukat ho aakheeai, mar jeeve mareea|

2 har amrit bhine loeinaa, man prem ratanaan raam raaje|

man raam kasavattee laaeaa, kanchan sanvinaa|

guramukh rang chalooliaa, meraa man tano bhinaa|

jan naanak musak jhakoliaa, sabh janam dhan dhanaa|

guroo arajan dev jee 1563 1606 ee guroo arajan dev jee dee panjaabee saahit noo sabh ton vaddee den, guroo granth saahib dee sanpaadanaa hai, jis vich sabh guroo saahibaan ton binaan unhaan bhagataan, soofee fakeeraan te bhattaan aad dee rachanaa daraj hai, jiharree guramat de aase de anukool see | guroo granth saahib dee sanpaadanakalaa te is dee saahitak mahaanataa noo ese adhiaae de agale bhaag vich vichaariaa giaa hai|

guroo granth saahib vich guroo arajan dev jee dee sabh ton vadh baanee daraj hai, jis de kul 2312 shabad banade han| aap jee deean mukh rachanaavaan ih han 1 sukhamanee 2 funahe 3 baaraan maah 4 maaroo ddakhane 5 vaaraan jinhaan dee ginatee 6 hai| inhaan ton ilaavaa sahisakritee, ashattapadeean te slok aad vee aap jee dee krit han| aap dee baanee dee bhaasaa sdh te tthetth panjaabee hai, par saadh bhaashaa praakrit, sansakrit, brajee te lahindee vich vee aap ne baanee rachee| daarashanik pakh ton aap dee rachanaa pahile chaar gurooaan ton vakharee naheen, par aap dee rachanaa ute aap de viakatitv dee mohar lagee hoee hai| kavitaa dee mitthaas, ravaanagee ate suchajee shabad chon te sbad jarrat aap dee rachanaa de srestt gun han| sukhamanee panjaabee saahit vich prabandhakaav daa ik utam namoonaa hai| aap dee baanee vichon kujh ku namoone is prakaar han

1 meraa man lochai gur darasan taaeen|

bilap kare chaatrik kee niaaeen |

trikhaa naa utarai, saant na aavai,

bin darasan sant piaare jeeo,

ho gholee jeeo ghol ghumaaee |

gur darasan sant piaare jeeo|

2 jaan kau mushakal at bane, dtoee koee na dee|

laagoo hoe dusamanaa saak bhi bhaj khale|

sabho bhajai aasaraa chukai sabh asaraau|

chit aavai us paarabraham taan lage na tatee vaau|

3 mitth bolarraa jee har sajan suaamee meraa|

hau samal thakee jee, auh kade naa bole kauraa|

4 gareebaan upar je khinjai daarree|

paar braham saa agan meh saarree|

5 sakhee kaajal haar tanbol sabhai kachh saajiaa|

solah kee seegaar ki anjan paajiaa|

je ghar aavai kant ta sabh kichh paaeeai|

ar haan kantai baajh seegaar, sabh birathaa jaaeeai|

guroo teg bahaadar jee 1621 1675 ee. guroo teg bahaadar jee duaaraa rachee baanee vich 59 pade te 57 salok han, jiharre guroo gobind singh jee ne guroo granth saahib vich daraj

karavaae | aam vichaar ihee hai ki guroo jee ne ih 57 salok bandeekhaane vich hee uchaare | inhaan vich sansaar dee naashamaanataa te vairaag daa rang pradhaan hai | inhaan chon bahute shalok lokaan de moonhaan te charrhe hoe han jinhaan deean kujh kujh ku udaaharanaan is prakaar han

1 bhai kaahoo kau det neh bhai maanat aan |

kahu naanak sun re manaan, giaanee taeh bakhaan|

2 jeh maaeaa mamataa tajee sabh te bheo udaas|

kahu naanak sun re manaa, tih ghatt braham nivaas|

3 jo praanee mamataa taje, lobh moh ahankaar |

kahu naanak aapan tarai aauran let udhaar|

4 jiaun supanaa ar pekhanaa aise jag kau jaan |

ein main kachh saache naheen, naanak bin bhagavaan |

5 sukh main bahu sangee bhe, dukh main sang naa koe|

kahu naanak har bhaj manaa, ant sahaaee hoe|

6 jatan bahut sukh ke kee, dukh ko keeo naa koe|

kahu naanak sun re manaa, har bhaave so hoe|

7 chintaa taan kee keejeeai, jo anahonee hoe|

eih maarag sansaar ko naanak thir naheen koe|

guroo gobind singh jee 1666 1708 ee guroo gobind singh jee dee saaree rachanaa dasam granth vich daraj hai| guroo granth saahib vich aap daa iko dohaa daraj hai| sivaae chanddee dee vaar ate do shabadaan de, aap dee baakee saaree rachanaa brajee vich hai bhaaven aap dee saaree rachanaa vich hee vilakhanataa te maualikataa hai, par ethe aseen keval unhaan dee panjaabee rachanaa baare hee sankhep vich vichaar karaange|

chanddee dee vaar aap dee iko ik prateenidh panjaabee rachanaa hai, jis noo bhgautee dee vaar aakhiaa jaandaa hai | is vaar daa pichhokarr maarakanddey rishee duaaraa varanit ik poraanik kathaa hai, jis noo guroo jee ne pahilaan brajee vich chanddee charitr naan hetth likhiaa te pichhon panjaabee roop vich use noo chanddee dee vaar aakhiaa | is vaar noo likhan daa manorath janasaadhaaran vich aatamik bal de naalanaal beerataa dee paan chaarrh ke unhaan noo jabar te zulam de viradh ddatt ke khalon de samarath banaaunaa hai| guroo jee aap beerarasee anubhav de suaamee san. is lee is vaar vichon vee beer ras ddalhakaan maaradaa hai|

bhaaven beerarasee vaaraan likhan daa rivaaj pooravanaanak kaal ton hee chal piaa see, par uh vaaraan, aakaar, pasaar jaan vishe dee apooranataa karake saadhaaran padhar deean prateet hundeean han| aj tak praapat samagaree de aadhaar te, chanddee dee vaar noo hee panjaabee dee pahilee pramaanik beerarasee rachanaa aakhiaa jaa sakadaa hai | guroo jee ne saahit dee puraanee paranparaa noo kaaeim rakhadiaan hoeaan, shuroo vich akaal purakh dee usatit gaaee hai te ant vich is vaar de paatth de mahaatam noo inhaan sbadaan naal pragattaaeaa bahurr naa janameen aaeaa, jin ih gaaeaa|

bhgautee noo akaal purakh dee shakatee daa chinh man ke, pahilaan us age araadhanaa keetee gee, jis ton var praapat karake hee yodhe jang jitade han| is vaar de paatar noo chinhaatamak charataraan de

roop vich parakhiaan hee is daa sahee arath saadde drishatteegochar hundaa hai| is vaar vich varanit sur te asur vaasatav vich samaaj deean saaoo te zaalam jaan changeea jaan maarreean skateean han te akheer vich sach changiaaee dee jit dikhaaee gee hai|

vaar vich beer ras dee pradhaanataa hundee hai, par haasaras, beebhatasaras te adabhutaras vee aa jaande han| hetth likheean udaaharanaan ton inhaan rasaan daa anand maaniaa jaa sakadaa hai

satt pee jamadhaanee, dalaan mukaabalaa,

dhooh lee kirapaanee, duragaa miaan te

chanddee raakhash khaanee, vaahee daint noo

kopar choor chuaanee, lathee karag lai

paakhar turaa palaanee, rarrakee dharat jaae |

laindee aghaa sidhaanee, singaan dhaual diaan

kooram sir lahilaanee, dushaman maar ke|

daintaan dee haalat biaan karake haas ras upajaaeaa giaa hai

dhoorr lapette dhoore, siradaar jattaale,

aukhaleean naasaan jinhaan, moonh jaapan aale|

dhaae devee saahamane, beer muchhaleeaale|

beeraras de prabhaav noo tikhaa karan lee ate yudh daa drish akhaan saahamane saakaar karan lee, guroo saahib ne bahut suhane alankaar varate han

beer parote barachheen, jan ddaal chamatte aavale|

eik vadte tegee tarrafeean, mad peete lattin baavale|

eik chun chun jhaarreeon kadtian, ret vichon soeinaa ddaavale |

aupamaa alankaar deean kujh ik hor vanageean

gaje duragaa gher ke, jan ghaneear kaale |

jaan

maare jaapane bijalee, sir bhaar munaare |

jaan

vage rat jhalaareen, jiaun geroo basataraan|

beerarasee rachanaa dee ik lorr dtukaveen shabadaavalee dee hundee hai, jis duaaraa naa keval beerataa daa prabhaav hee upajaaeaa jaandaa hai, sagon paatthakaan de saahamane jang daa nakashaa vee uleekiaa jaandaa hai jis ton parrhan sunan vaale samajhan ki saaraa kujh unhaan deean akhaan saahamane vaapar rihaa hai | is pakh ton vee ih vaar ik utam krit aakhee jaa sakadee hai|

chanddee dee vaar nishache hee panjaabee saahit dee ik amar rachanaa hai| is vaar ton binaan mitr piaare noo haal mureedaan daa kahinaa vaalaa shabad vee guroo jee dee panjaabee rachanaa daa ik utam namoonaa hai, jiharraa aam lokaan de moonh te charrhiaa hoeaa hai | mitr piaare, akaal purakh de vichhorre vich jeevaaatamaa dee jo haalat hundee hai, aus noo sanketaan te prateekaan deean kalaamee chhohaan duaaraa roopamaan keetaa giaa hai

mitr piaare noo haal mureedaan daa kahinaa,

tudh bin rog rajaaeean daa odtan, naag nivaasaan daa rahinaa|

sool suraahee khanjar piaalaa, bing kasaaeean daa sahinaa|

yaararre daa saanoo sathar changaa, bhatth kherriaan daa rahinaa|

a guroo granth saahib dee saahitik vishestaa

prasadh angarez vidavaan misattar maikaalaf, jis ne sikh dharam sanbandhee khoj karadiaan te sikh itihaas te gurabaanee noo angarezee roop dindiaan saaree umar laa ditee. guroo granth saahib dee ,pramaanikataa baare likhadaa hai

sakh mat te hor mataan vich ih ik vaddaa farak hai ki sikhee sidhaant saadde paas bilakul ttheek te shudh roop vich mauajood han| sikh gurooaan dee baanee binaan kise milaavatt de ain use tarhaan saadde tak pahunchee hai, jis tarhaan ki unhaan aap uchaaree see| duneean de vadde mahaanpurashaan de baare aseen parrhade sunade haan par unhaan de khiaal hoobahoo use skal vich saadde tak naheen pahunche| jaan taan ravaaeitaan dee skal vich te jaan kise hor likhaaree raaheen unhaan noo ankit keetaa giaa see| feesaagoras ne kee upades dite par us dee koee vee likhat saadde tak naheen pahunchee, sukaraat de khiaal saadde tak afalaatoon ton jenafon raaheen aae han| sukaraat dee koee likhat sansaar vich praapat naheen | mahaatamaa budh dee vee aapanee koee likhat mauajood naheen| kanafiaooshas de chalaae hoe mat de asool, jis tarhaan us ne dase san. unhaan daa koee aapanaa likhatee rikaaradd naheen| hazarat eesaa ne aapanee sikhiaa noo likhat vich liaandaa hee naheen| maitheeo, maarak, lookaa te yoohanaa deean likhataan duaaraa eesaaee mat de asoolaan daa pataa lagadaa hai | kuraan shareef te hazarat muhamad saahib ne aap naheen see likhiaa is de saare soore, nabee de sharadhaalooaan ne hee rikaaradd keete san|

guroo granth saahib raaheen saadde tak gurooaan te hor bhagataan dee baanee aapane shudh saroop vich mauajood hai, jis lee aseen guroo arajan dev jee de rinee haan jinhaan ne barree ghaalanaa te yojanaabadh tareeke naal saaree baanee noo ikatar keetaa ate pooree tarhaan puchh chhaan karake, keval pramaanik rachanaa noo hee guroo granth saahib vich sankalit keetaa|

guroo naanak saahib de samen hee unhaan dee baanee vich ralaa paaun daa yatan aaranbh ho giaa see, jiharraa dooje te teeje guroo saahibaan de vele tak jaaree rihaa te naanak naam varat ke saadhaaran vichaaraan noo ghatteea shailee vich prachalit keetaa giaa | baanee vich ralaa paaun de zinmevaar mukh tor te do dharre aakhe jaa sakade han| ik guragadee de daavedaar te dooje uh ghatt maanataa vaale sant fakeer, jiharre guroo naanak daa naan varat ke aapanee shobhaa te keeratee vadhaaunaa lochade san | nijee eerakhaa kaaran guroo ghar daa makhol uddaaun lee vee kachee baanee rachee gee jis ton guramat de aashiaan baare bhulekhaa pain dee sanbhaavanaa paidaa ho gee, kiaunjo kachee te sachee baanee naalon naal prachalit ho geean| ese karake guroo amaradaas jee ne sikhaan noo sachee baanee parrhan dee preranaa dindiaan hoeaa aakhiaa see

aavah sikh satiguroo ke piaariho gaavahu sachee baanee|

baanee te gaavahu guroo keree, baaneean sir baanee|

satiguroo binaan hor kachee hai baanee|

baanee taan kachee satiguroo baajhahu, her kachee baanee|

kahade kache sunade kache, kachee aakh vakhaanee|

guroo arajan dev jee ne kachee te sachee baanee daa nikherr karan lee ate gurooaan de mishan noo sadeevataa den lee, aadagranth dee beerr tiaar karan daa faisalaa keetaa| guroo arajan dev jee ne ih baanee kiven ikatar keetee ate is vich bhagat baanee noo kiaun shaamal keetaa| is baare vidavaanaan vich kaafee matabhed hai| par bahuginatee is vichaar dee dhaaranee hai ki guroo naanak saahib de vele ton hee baanee dee sanbhaal suroo ho gee see te guragadee milan samen pahile gurooaan dee baanee vee naal hee ditee jaandee see | bhagat baanee baare vichaar ih hai ki guroo naanak dev jee ne bhagataan dee rachanaa ikatar keetee ate us noo aapanee baanee de naal hee saanbh liaa| guroo arajan dev jee ne jis rachanaa noo guroo aase de anukool samajhiaa, aus noo aad granth vich shaamal kar liaa |

guroo arajun dev jee duaaraa aadagranth dee beerr 1604 ee. vich sanpooran hoee | vidavaanaan dee bahusamatee is mat naal sahimat hai ki bhaaee guradaas de hathaan dee likhee hoee pahilee beerr aj vee karataarapur vich saanbhee pee hain | sanpaadanaa samen kachee te sachee baanee daa niranaa karanaa, aus noo viaakaranik niyamaan anusaar dtaalanaa, saaree baanee vich shabadajorraan dee ikasaarataa liaaunee. vakhavakh gurooaan dee baanee de nikherr lee mahalaa shabad dee varaton, baanee noo raagaan anusaar tarateeb de ke gaaun deean dhuneean de sanket dene, guroo arajan dev jee dee sanpaadanakalaa de kujh ku chamatakaar han |

guroo granth saahib dee saahitak mahaanataa daa zikar karadaa hoeaa ddankan greenaleej likhadaa hai

vishav deean dharamapusatakaan vichon saaeid hee kise dee sree guroo granth saahib jee de samaan saahitak khoobasooratee hove jaan ikaras anubhavee, giaan dee uchataa hove |

sree guroo granth saahib dee mahaanataa daa zikar karadaa hoeaa ik hor vidavaan aakhadaa hai

guroo bhaaven koee hove, mahaan udon hee aakhanaa chaaheedaa hai, jadon uh manakh de man, bachan te karam khetar vich sidhaantak jaan kalaatamak preranaa daa pramaan ban ke, viaapak te prabal roop vich chhaa jaae| jinee vadh maataraa vich, jine vadh samen lee, koee granth karam karegaa, aunaa hee vadh mahaan te prabhaavashaalee, auh maniaa jaaegaa |

auparokat kathan guroo granth saahib ute pooree tarhaan laagoo hundaa hai| is dee mahaanataa daa anumaan is galon vee laaeaa jaa sakadaa hai ki ih dhaaramik, daarashanik, eitihaasak, samaajik te saahitik sabh pakhaan ton ik utam kalaakrit hai| aakaar vich ih madh kaal de rache saare granthaan ton vaddaa hai te ddaa. mohan singh anusaar ih rigaved ton tin gunaan vaddaa hai | is vich kul milaa ke 5894 shabad han, jinhaan vichon 4756 gurooaan de ate 938 bhagataan te bhattaan de han| is de 1430 pane han| saaree baanee dee tarateeb raagaan anusaar hai, jiharree kul 31 raagaan vich

1. dhunchan ghareenalesas, tthehe ghosapel odd ghur ghranattah shahiba, p ni

2. jogindar singh pro.. sree guroo granth darapan panaa 10

hai | ih saare raag kamaa, rutaan, eilaakiaan te manakhee bhaavaa dee pratinidhataa karade han| ih raaga prabandh nirol maualik hai jis vich kaav te sangeet daa sundar sanjog hai | saaree rachanaa pingal de niyamaan jaan chhand prabandh adheen naheen, sagon raag dee lai mutaabik chaladee hai te ese lee maataraa vadh ghatt han| tel naalon raag dee lai noo pahil ditee gee hai|

bhaashaa de pakh ton aad granth vich vakhavakh ilaakiaan de praantik bhaasaavaan daa misran hai. kiaunjo is de rachanahaare vakhavakh thaavaan de san, par guroo arajan dev jee ne baanee noo guramukhee lipee vich dtaalan lagiaan te is vich viaakaranak ikasaarataa liaaun lee jorraan noo shudh te nischit roop den lagiaan jo tabadeeleean keeteea, aunhaan vich saaree baanee ute panjaabee rangan , zaroor charrh gee | ddaa. ttap guroo granth saahib dee mukh mehatataa is de bhaashaaee gunaan karake saveekaaradaa hai te is noo hindavee upabhaakhaavaan daa khajaanaa aakhadaa hai | kendaree panjaabee ton chhutt lahindee, sindhee, braja bhaashaa, sansakrit, faarasee te rekhataa aad sabh de namoone aseen aad granth vich dekhade haan

bhaashaaee prayogaan de naal naal aseen aad granth vich kaav roopaan te kaavachhandaan dee vana suvanataa vee dekhade haan | baaraamaah, pattee, satavaaraa, ghorreean, alaahuneean, khattamaasaa, aaratee, maajhaa, chhinjh aad 55 prakaar de lok kaavaroop aadagranth vich milade han| ese tarhaan anaginat pramaanik chhandaan dee kalaamee varaton keetee miladee hai, jinhaan dee udaaharan hor kidhare ghatt hee dekhee jaa sakadee hai|

guroo granth saahib vich amarasach jaan sadeevee tataan noo is tarhaan nibhaaeaa giaa hai ki is vichaleean hazaaraan tukaan akhaan ban ke lok moonhaan te charrh geean han| udaaharan vajon

1 maaeaadhaaree at anhaa at bolaa|

2 nive so gauraa hoe|

3 paapaa baajhahun hove naaheen, maaeaa saath naa jaaee|

4 man toon jot saroop hain, aapanaa mool pachhaan |

5 haumai deeragh rog hai, daaroo bhee is maahi|

6 aparaadhee doonaa nivai jiau hantaa miragaeh |

7 so kiaun mandaa aakheeai, jit jame raajaan|

8 ghale aaveh naanakaa, sade utthee jaae|

9 vidiaa veechaaree taan praupakaaree|

10 bhukhe mulaan, ghare maseet|

11 parrhiaa moorakh aakheeai, jis lab lobh ahankaar|

12 hak paraaeaa naanakaa, aus sooar us gaae|

13 sachai maarag chaladiaan usatat kare jahaan|

14 man jeete jag jeet |

15 guroo jinhaan kaa andhulaa, chele naahee tthaau|

16 kaam krodh kaaeaa kau gaalai, jiaun kanchan sohaagaa dtaalai|

17 nindak kaa jhootthaa biauhaar|

18 akaleen saahib seveeai, akaleen paaeeai maan|

19 jo aaeaa so chalasee |

20 naal eaane dosatee, kade na aav raas|

bhaaratee vidavaanaan ne kaav dee sreshattataa daa aadhaar rasaan noo maniaa hai| koee vee ajihaa ras naheen jis de paramaan aad granth vichon naa milade hon| jeevaaatamaa de paramaatamaa naalon vichhorre noo ate us naal mel dee taangh noo singaararas de vaataavaran vich biaan keetaa giaa hai | singaar ton chhutt saant ras jaan bhagatee ras dee pradhaanataa hai par karunaa, rauadr, beer, adabhat, beebhatas, bhiaanak te haas ras aad baakee rasaan dee varaton vee aam hai| shingaar ras dee ik udaaharan vekho

tere banke loein dant raseelaa|

sohane nak jin lamarre vaalaa|

kanchan kaaeaa sueine kee dtaalaa|

teree chaal suhaavanee, madhuraanee baanee|

kuhakan kokilaa taral juaanee |

alankaar noo kavitaa daa gahinaa aakhiaa jaandaa hai | aad granth dee saaree baanee jithe tin bhin alankaaraan naal sajeeshingaaree gee hai, authe ih inhaan de bhaar thale dabee prateet naheen hundee, sagon nivekalee chhab naal ddalhakaan maaradee hai| bhaaratee achaareean valon dase ge alankaaraan vichon shaaeid hee koee ajihaa hove, jis de namoone aad granth vichon naa milade hon, par roopak te upamaa alankaaraan dee enee bahulataa te vishaalataa hai ki samache brahimandd vichon jaan dharatee ton lai ke aakaas tak dee har praakritak vasatoo noo, einhaan dee lapett vich lai aandaa giaa hai | roopak alankaar dee ik udaaharan dekho, jiharree kaavikakalapanaa te alankaarak sehaj daa ik uchatam namoonaa hai

gagan mai thaal rav chand deepak banai

taarikaa manddal janak motee

dhoop maliaanalo, pavan chavaro karai|

sagal banaraae fulant jotee |

alankaaraan ton binaan shabadachitraan, bhaavachitraan, kaavabinbaan te sundar prateekaan deean anaginat udaaharanaan miladeean han | shabadachitr dee ik udaaharan dekho

chaandanaan, chaandan aangan

prabh jeeo, antar chaandanaa |

araadhanaa araadhan neekaa

har har naam araadhanaa|

fareek de shalokaan vichon kaavabinbaavalee dee ik sundar udaaharan dekho

fareedaa dareeaavai kane bagalaa, baitthaa kel kare|

kel karende hanjh no achinte baaj pe|

aad granth vich anek itihaasak, mithihaasak jaan pauaraanik havaale milade han, jinhaan vichon bhaaratee sansakritee de kee roop te pramaan saahamane aaunde han| vakhavakh dharamaan, jaateean, firakiaan, sanparadaavaan, yathaa jogeean, sidhaan bodheean, jaineean, musalamaanaan, braahamanaan, vaishanavaan, soofeean, santaan. bairaageean aad de karam kaandd, ves varatavarataare jaan vivahaar de sanket milade han, jinhaan sanbandhee

charachaa karake, guramat de aashiaan noo ughaarran daa yatan keetaa giaa hai | udaaharan lee

1 haath kamanddal kaaparreea

2 moondd munddaae, jattaa sikh baajee

3 gholee geroo rang charrhaaeaa |

4 poojaa arajaa bandan ddanddaaut

ghatt karamaa rahu rahataa|

5 akhee te meetteh naak pakarreh |

ddaraan kau sansaar |

6 ghangaroo baandh bhe raamadaasaa, rotteeam ke upaavaa|

7 akheen ta meetteh naak pakarrahi, tthagan kau sansaar|

8 rahe bebaanee, marrhee masaanee, alamal khaaee sir chhaaee paaee|

aad granth baarhaveen sadee ton sataaraveen sadee tak de bhaaratee samaaj dee ik jiaundee jaagadee tasaveer hai, shaaeid hee manakhee jeevan daa koee ajihaa pakh hove jis sanbandhee aad granth vich charachaa naa miladee hove | naavaan thaavaan de veraviaan naal vee ih granth bharapoor hai|

aad granth dee saaree rachanaa, sreshattatam kaavagunaan, kalaatamik chhohaan. bhaashaaee vanasuvanataa ate ddoonghe maanavee bhaavaan noo biaan karan vaalee ik kalaaseekal kalaakrit hai, jis ne panjaabee bhaashaa de saahit noo har pakhon ameer keetaa| is dee sikhiaa kise ik jaatee jaan firake lee naheen, sagon saaree lokaaee lee hai| guroo granth saahib de niyam nirol sidhaantak jaan daarashanik naheen, sagon nit de jeevan vich amalee roop vich agavaaee karan vaale han ese lee is noo guroo dee padavee de ke satikaariaa jaandaa hai |

e bhaaee guradaas te hor bhagat kavee

bhaaee guradaas 15431637 bhaaee guradaas daa janam pindd baasarake zilhaa amritasar vich hoeaa| aap guroo amaradaas jee de bhateeje san | baalapan ton hee guroo ghar naal aap daa nikatt sanbandh see | guroo amaradaas, guroo raamadaas, guroo arajan dev te guroo harigobind saahib de samakaalee te nikattavaratee hon karake guramat de sabh pakhaan ton aap keval bhalee prakaar jaanoon hee naheen san, sagon aapane vele de sabh ton vadde viaakhiaakaar vee san | guroo arajan dev jee ne aad granth dee pahilee beerr aap de hatheen likhavaaee, jis karake aap noo saaree baanee noo vichaaran, aus noo ttakasaalee roop den, viaakaranak nemaan anusaar dtaalan te lipeebadh karan daa avasar praapat hoeaa, jis naal aap dee pratibhaa daa bahupakhee vikaas hoeaa|

bhaaee guradaas ne panjaabee vich sabh ton vadh, arathaat 39 vaaraan shudh panjaabee vich likheean ate 600 ton upar kabat te savaye braj bhaashaa vich likhe | ravaaeit prachalit hai ki aap dee rachanaa noo guroo granth saahib vich daraj karan lee jad guroo arajan dev jee ne aakhiaa taan aap ne barree niramaanataa naal, eih keh ke naanh kar ditee ki meree rachanaa gurabaanee de tul naheen | is te guroo jee ne aap dee rachanaa noo guroo granth saahibas dee kunjee keh ke sanamaaniaa, kiaunjo is vich gurabaanee de aashiaan dee visathaarapooravak viaakhiaa te guramat de falasafe noo daleelaan te udaaharanaan de naal sapastt keetaa giaa hai|

bhaaee guradaas aapane samen de ughe vidavaan, nipun kavee, bhaaratee dharam darasan de sarab pakhee giaataa, vishaal tazarabe de maalak, guroo te guramat vich attatt sharadhaa de dhaaranee ik sarestt utauam te niramal skhaseeat vaale manakh san | aap dee kaavik parapakataa te bauadhik nipunataa de chamatakaar samachee rachanaa vichon vekhe jaa sakade han. jis karake is noo binaan jhijak de utakristt kalaaseekala saahit vich darajaa ditaa jaa sakadaa hai|

bhaaee saahib ne panjaab ton baahar rahinde gurasakhaan lee brajee vich kabat te savaye likhe, jis samen guroo saahib valon aap noo aagaraa kendar vich sikhee daa prachaar karan lee bhejiaa giaa | bhaaee guradaas dee dekhaadekhee bahut saare hor vidavaan vee brajee vich aapanee rachanaa karan lage te samaan paa ke ih ruchee is had tak vadhee ki aaun vaale lagabhag tin sau saalaan tak hindoo sikh vidavaanaan dee mukh saahitak bhaashaa brajee hee ban gee | bhaaee veer singh naal murr sdh panjaabee daa rivaaj piaa, jinhaan ne saahitak sirajanaa lee maat bhaashaa noo pahil de ke aaun vaale sabh saahitakaaraan noo brajee prabhaav ton mukat keetaa |

bhaaee guradaas duaaraa racheean geean 39 vaaraan dee bolee shudh panjaabee hai, jiharree saaddee aj dee bhaashaa de bahut nerre hai| kee vidavaan bhaaee guradaas duaaraa racheean vaaraan dee ginatee 41 dasade han, par 40veen te 41veen vaar dee andaralee gavaahee te khoj duaaraa sidh ho chukaa hai ki ih dooje guradaas deean han, jiharraa guroo gobind singh jee daa sevak see | 41veen vaar deean hetth likheean tukaan uparokat kathan dee pushattee karadeean han

peeo pahul khanddedhaar hue janam suhelaa|

sangat keenee khaalasaa, manamukhee duhelaa|

vaahu vaahu guroo gobind singh, aape gur chelaa|

jis tarhaan upar zikar keetaa jaa chukaa hai, bhaaee guradaas dee samachee rachanaa daa vishaa guramat dee viaakhiaa hai| pahileean 19 vaaraan daa vishaa guroo te sangat dee mahaanataa, sikh daa aadarashak aacharan, sansaar dee utapatee aad hai| pahilee vaar vich guroo naanak te hor gurooaan daa jeevan britaant ate isalaam te hor bhaaratee dharamaan daa daarashanik vislesn hai| 20veen vaar ton 28veen vaar vich sikh dharam daa hor dharamaan naalon farak das ke sikhee dee vishestaa darasaaee hai| vaar nanbar 30 ton 38 vich sikhee de virodheean daa paaj ughaarr ke, guroo saahibaan de dharam dee uchataa dasee hai| 39veen vaar mundaavanee de roop vich hai| inhaan vaaraan vich bhaaratee darashan te mithihaas, bhaaratee dharama granthaan, samaajik, dhaaramik te raajasee adhogatee daa haal te sikh falasafe te prachaar daa itihaas aad sahij subhaa hee aa ge han|

aapanee pahilee vaar vich bhaaee saahib, guroo naanak dev jee de samen dee dashaa noo is tarhaan chitarade han

kal aaee kute muhee, khaaj hoeaa muradaar gusaaeen

raaje paap kamaanvade, aulattee vaarr khet kau khaaee|

parajaa andhee giaan bin, koorr kuseh mukhahu aalaaee|

chele saaj vajaaeinde, nachan guroo bahut bidh bhaaee|

sevak baitthan gharaan vich, gur utth ghareen tinaanrre jaaee|

kaajee hoe risavatee, vadtee lai ke hak gavaaee|

eisatree purakhai daam hit, bhaaven aae kithaaoon jaaee |

varatiaa paap sabhas jag maahee |

guroo naanak de aagaman naal jo tabadeelee aaee te jis tarhaan paap te agiaanataa daa haneraa door hoeaa, aus daa varanan, ese vaar vich bhaaee guradaas is tarhaan karade han

satigur naanak pragattiaa, mittee dhundh jag chaanan hoaa|

jiau kar sooraj nikaliaa, taare chhap andher paloaa|

singh buke miragaavalee bhanee jaae naa dheer dharoaa|

jithe baabaa pair dharai, poojaa aasan thaapan soaa|

sidh aasan sabh jagat de, naanak aad mate jo koaa|

ghar ghar andar dharamasaal hovai keeratan sadaa visoaa|

baabe taare chaar chak naun khandd prithavee sachaa dtoaa|

guramukh kal vich paragatt hoaa|

jithe aap ne daarashanik te adhiaatamik visiaan noo barree sugamataa te pooran sapasttataa naal nibhaaeaa hai, authe aapane vichaaraan noo utam kalaa daa roop den vich vee aap dee ghaalanaa be misaal hai| aap ne vaar kaavaroop noo guroo saahibaan vaang, beer bhaavaan dee bajaae adhiaatamik manorathaan lee apanaaeaa te is lee nishaanee chhand dee varaton keetee|

aap ik balavaan te sreshatt kalapanaa de maalak san, jis sadakaa brahimandd te saaree srishattee noo aapanee lapett vich lai lainde san | ese kalapanaa de sahaare ateet de adristt sansaar noo saadde dristteegochar kar dinde han te inhaan noo aapanee rachanaa vich bhinabhin chitaraan te binbaan duaaraa roopamaan karade han| aap dee alankaarayojanaa vee hairaan karan vaalee hai| jarrh vasatooaan noo chetan gunaan vaale darasaa ke, saadhaaran ton saadhaaran vasatoo noo aadhaar banaa ke, rookaan, aupamaavaan te drishattaantaan dee jharree laa dinde han| ik cheez de gun, karam te subhaa noo biaanan lee chun chun ke misaalaan dinde te antalee tuk te aa ke aapane manorath jaan sidhaant dee pushattee vajon kise param sachaaee noo biaan karade han | jhootthe jaan saangadhaaree guroo daa sikh ute kee prabhaav pai sakadaa hai, is noo biaan karan lagiaan aap dee kalaa daa kamaal dekho

je maan pute vis dee, tis te kaun piaaraa |

je ghar bhane paaharoo, kauan rakhanahaaraa |

berree ddobe paatanee, kauan paar utaaraa|

aagoo lai ujharr pave, kis kare pukaaraa|

jekar khote khaae vaarr, ko le naa saaraa|

je gur bharamaae saang kar, kiaa sikh vichaaraa|

bhaaee guradaas dee agalee khoobee aap daa sanjamee te sootrik biaan hai | iko tuk vich kee vaaree pooree kathaa biaan kar dinde han, jinhaan ton jithe aap de bahupakhee te aseem giaan dee sojhee hundee hai, authe ajihee rachanaa de bhaavaan dee samajh taan hee paindee hai je unhaan vich aae havaaliaan jaan sanketaan dee paatthak noo pahilaan hee soojh jaan jaanakaaree hoe | udaaharan lee

vaid changeree utthanee, lai sil vattaa kacharaa bhanaa|

sevak sikhee vaidagee, maaree budtee rovan ranaa|

pakarr chalaaeaa raavalai, paaundee ugharr ge sukanaa |

maanas dehee pasoo utapanaa|

jaan

bhagat bhagat jag vajiaa, chahun koonttaan de vich chamarettaa |

paanaa gandtai raah vich, kulaa dharam dtee dter samettaa|

jiaun kar maile cheetharre, heeraa laal amol pamettaa|

chahun varanaa upadesadaa giaan dhiaan kar bhagat sahettaa|

naavan aaeaa sang mil, banaaras kar rangaa bettaa|

kadt kaseeraa saupiaa, ravidaase gangaa dee bhettaa|

lagaa purab abheer daa, dditthaa chalit acharaj amettaa|

laaeaa kaseeraa hath kadt, sootr ik jiaun taanaa pettaa|

bhagat janaa har maan pio bettaa|

ese tarhaan kee vaar aap iko tath dee pushattee vajon ajiheean bhinabhin misaalaan dinde han ki saareean deean saareean tukaan akhaan banan de samarath ho ke, lokamoonhaan te charrh jaandeean han

gidarr daakh naa aparrai, aakhe thu kaurree|

nachan nach naa jaanadee, aakhe bhoone saurree|

bolai agai gaaveeai, bhairaun so gaurree|

hansaan naal ttatteeharee, kiaun pahunche daurree|

saavan van hariaaval, aj jame aaurree|

be mukh sukh naa dekhee, jiaun chhuttarr chhaurree|

bhaaee guradaas haas te viangamee shailee de vee usataad san | moorakhaan daa sang kiven raavaan raualee ban jaandaa hai, eis vichaar noo darasaaun lee bhaaee guradaas jee daa biaan vekho

tthanddai khoohahun nhaae kai, pag visaar aaeaa sir nangai|

ghar vich ranaa kamaleean, dhusee leetee vekh kudtagai|

ranaa dekh pittaandeean, dtaahaan maar hoe nisangai|

lok siaape aaeaa, ranaa purakh jurre lai khangai|

naaein puchhadee pittadeean, kit de naae alaahunee angai|

sahure pachhah jaaeike, kaun mooaa nooh utar mangai|

kaavaan raualaa moorakh sangai |

eiho jiheean hor anek udaaharanaan diteean jaa sakadeean han jinhaan ton bhaaee saahib dee kaavakalaa de pramaan mil sakade han | vishe anusaar aap dee kaavabolee badal jaandee hai | ganbheer vise lee ganbheer sbadaavalee, daarashanik te adhiaatamik visiaan lee dtukaveen te anukool chon, har vishe noo tarateeb vich banhanaa, ausaaranaa te akheer vich aa ke saaree gal daa kise param tat jaan param sachiaaee duaaraa nipattaaraa karanaa, aap dee rachanaa dee ik hor khoobee hai | nirasandeh madha

kaal de saare kaveean vichon aap sharomanee padavee de hakadaar han|

bhagat chhajoo mritoo 1642 ee aap laahauar de rahin vaale, jaat de bhaatteea te saraafee daa kam karan vaale ughe bhagat hoe han| aap jahaangeer de samakaalee san | shaaeid lokamoonhaan te charrhee hetth likhee ukatee ese chhajoo bhagat dee hai

jo sukh chhajoo de chubaare |

auh naa balakh naa bukhaare|

chhajoo bhagat vairaagee san te isatareean noo naathaan jogeean vich behad nindade san | aap ne bahutee rachanaa naheen keetee| aap dee bhaashaa vee puraanee kisam dee hai | lokaan noo aapane slokaan raaheen sidhe padhare dtang naal upades dite han| isataree nindiaa deean udaaharanaan dekho

kaagad sandee putalee, to naa triaa nihaar |

yohee maar lijaavahee, yathaa balochan dhaarr|

jaan

naaree natavaaree ik ujal theean tikheean|

chhajoo maaran bibhachaaree, bibekee te ubare|

eik vichaar ih vee hai ki isataree nindiaa karake hee aap dee rachanaa guroo granth saahib vich shaamal naa ho sakee | rachanaa de kujh ku hor namoone dekho

1 naa ko disai jiaundaa, naa ko mueaa|

chhajoo ehu jag sache daa pekhaa, dise nit neaa|

2 je lorreh sukh maaniaan, kar saadhaan daa sang

chhanjoo saadhaan ke sang men, atthe pahir anand|

3 eeh dil ajab kataab, haraf naa doojaa likheeai|

so dam kit hisaab, jit dam saaeen visare |

jalhan mritoo 1644 ee. jalhan jaat daa sandhoo jatt see | is daa janam pindd bhaddaanaa zilhaa laahauar vich solhaveen sadee de akheer vich hoeaa| jalhan deean 313 saakheean te 42 bishanapade milade han | saaree rachanaa deharriaan vich hai | aap ne jeevan deean attal sachaaeean noo barre haasa rasee dtang naal pes keetaa hai| bolee tthetth te sdh hai| kavitaa vich ras. lai te ravaanee hai | jalhan ne barre sidhe padhare dtang naal aapanee gal noo pes keetaa hai | jalhan dee bhagatee karan vaalee maalaa daa varanan dekho

vaddaa kikar vadt ke, japamaal banaaeaa|

auche ttibe beh ke, tthaah tthaah vajaaeaa|

lokaan deean jam maaleean, jalhan daa japamaal

saaree upar japendiaan, eik naa khuthaa vaal|

jalhan dee rachanaa de kujh ku hor namoone dekho

1 nike hunde dtage chaare, vadde hoe hal vaahiaa|

budte ho ke maalaa feree, rab daa ulaamhaa laahiaa|

2 putaan noo lai geean noohaan, dheean noo lai ge hor|

budtaa budtee iaun baitthe, jiaun sanh laa ge chor|

3 an vahuttee, an laarraa, an daa vihaar saaraa

an mottaa an jaarrhaa, an rove an hase|

jalhan jis ghar an naa pake,

naa koee roe, naa koee hase|

4 hatheen deeee, hatheen leeee, hatheen banhee pale|

aisaa koee naa jalhanaa, jo mueaan noo ghale|

bhagat kaanhaa bhagat kaanhaa laahauar daa rahin vaalaa see | ih guroo arajan dev jee daa samakaalee see| aap dee kavitaa ute vedaant dee rangan hai jaan soofee kavee shaah husain daa prabhaav dikhaaee dindaa hai | kavitaa vich pakeraapan hai ate vahaa jaan ravaanee kar ke saaree rachanaa taalabadh hai | udaaharan lee

aaujharr panth prem de paindde, main ik ikalarree mutthee |

garree saang lagee tan mere, karak kaleje noo utthee |

je sau aakhe murrasaan naaheen, jekar kadte khal apatthee |

kaanhaan kahe main bal charrh kookaan, main ishak punoo de lutthee |

sikh itihaas vich zikar aaundaa hai ki aap dee rachanaa noo guroo aashiaan viradh hon karake guroo granth saahib vich saamal naheen keetaa giaa| vises kar ke us dee rachanaa de apasaaree, niraashaavaadee te vairaagamee bhaavaan karake, jis dee udaaharan hetth likhee paurree vichon dekhee jaa sakadee hai

samajh divaaniaan ve duneean faanee|

garab na keejeeai ve, yaar raeh havaanee |

gaafal gafalat karai aasaanee|

te sir mauat saahib sulataanee |

koee amal na keete, eis vakat juaanee

moonh sapedeean, marag nishaanee |

kathanee kath jo amal kamaaee|

bandaa kaahanaa keh samajhaaee|

auparokat kaveean ton chhutt ise dhaaraa de ise kaal de hor kaveean vich sutharaa, peeloo, jattamal laahauaree te valee raam aad de naan ginavaae jaa sakade han| jinhaan bhagat kaveean dee baanee guroo granth saahib vich daraj keetee gee hai, aunhaan baare ethe vakharee charachaa karan dee lorr prateet naheen hundee, kiaun jo ik taan unhaan dee samachee rachanaa guramat de aashiaan de anukool see, jis baare pichhe zikar ho chukaa hai| doojaa bahut saare bhagat kavee panjaabon baahar de san te unhaan dee rachanaa panjaabee vich naa hon kar ke, panjaabee saahit de itihaas vich unhaan daa zikar karanaa uchat prateet naheen hundaa |

sa soofee kaavadhaaraa

guramat ton baad soofee kaavadhaaraa panjaabee de adhiaatamik saahit dee ik ughee te

mehatavapooran kaavadhaaraa hai, jis daa aaranbh poorav naanakakaal vich hee baabaa fareed shakaraganj dee rachanaa naal ho chukaa see | baabaa fareed pahile parraa daa soofee see, jithe isalaamee sharhaa de niyamaan dee kararree paalanaa keetee jaandee see ate haj, nimaazaa, roje te jakaataan ute zor ditaa hundaa see | guroo naanak kaal vich soofee mat aapane dooje parraa vich daakhal hundaa hai, jithe shareeat dee thaan tareekat, aute zor hundaa hai| soofee mat vich bhaaratee vaidaant te bhagavatavaad de prabhaavaan ne roop te vishe de pakh ton kaafee tabadeelee liaandee | ih tabadeelee sapastt roop vich saaeh husain te bulhe dee kavitaa vichon dekhee jaa sakadee hai|

roop jaan kalaa de pakh ton soofeean ne panjaab de unhaan prachalit chhandaan noo apanaaeaa jinhaan dee saajh lokaan naal pahilaan hee pai chukee see | jithe baabaa fareed ne dohaa chhandaan dee varaton keetee uthe shaah husain naal kaafee te sulataan baahoo naal dohirre te seeharafee daa rivaaj piaa | doojaa ugharradaa pakh, nirol, panjaabee jeevan vichon le chinh jaan prateek han, jinhaan noo soofee kaveean ne aapane adhiaatamik anubhavaan de pragattaa lee varatiaa | prinseepal tejaa singh daa is sanbandhee kathan hai ki panjaabee soofee kavitaa vich hun dajale te faraat naalon jhanaa te sataluj shookan lage ate heeraraanjhaa, saseepunoo aad preet de aadarashak pramaan samajhe jaan lage | sathaanak chogirade vichon nit jeevan deean saadhaaran vasataan, yathaa berree, patan, malaah, charakhaa, takalaa, maahal, khooh, ttinddaan aad noo lai ke inhaa duaaraa soofee rehasavaad daa pragattaavaa keetaa jaan lagaa, jis naal aauakhe ton aauakhe dhaaramik sidhaant, lokaan dee samajh vich sauakhee tarhaan aaun lage|

guroo naanak kaal de ughe soofee kavee ih han

1 shaah husain 1539 ton 1593 ee.

2 sulataan baahoo 1631 ton 1691 ee.

3 shaah sraf 1659 ton 1725 ee.

4 maualaanaa abadee janam maran deean pakeean taareekh naheen

ethe sankhep vich inhaan chauahaan de jeevan deean rachanaavaan sanbandhee vichaar keetee jaa rahee hai|

shaah husain 1539 ton 1593 ee taka shaah husain noo maadho laal husain vee aakhiaa jaandaa hai | aap daa janam 1539 ee. vich shekh usamaan de ghar hoeaa jiharre julaahiaan daa kam karade san | is sanbandhee saaeh husain dee rachanaa vich vee havaalaa miladaa hai

naaun husainaan te jaat julaahaa,

gaalhaan dendeean taaneean vaaleean|

aap bachapan ton hee barre soojhavaan san| das saal dee umar vich saaraakuraan zabaanee yaad kar ke haafij ban ge | baarhaan varhe tak aap ne daataa ganj bakhash de takee ute soofee sidhaantaan daa adhiain keetaa ate aapane aap noo srhaa de asoolaan mutaabik dtaaliaa ate kee kee raataan raavee dariaa de tthandte paanee vich kharrho ke kuraan sreef parrhade rahe | husain ne aapanee jindagee de pahile 36 saal barree kararree tapasiaa keetee|

shaah husain de jeevan naal bahut saareean karaamaataan jurreean hoeean han| ik karaamaat ih hai ki jad aap peer saadualaa de chele bane taan soofee mat daa ajihaa rang charrhiaa ki unhaan ne kuraan sreef noo khooh vich vagaah maariaa| jad baakee cheliaan ne is noo kufar keh ke raualaa

paaeaa taan aap de hukam naal kuraan shareef khooh vichon baahar aa giaa, jiharraa pahilaa vaang bilakul sukaa see |

doojee karaamaat maadho laal naal sanbandhit hai| shaahadare de ik hindoo nauajavaan maadho laal naal husain daa piaar, eishak dee had tak jaa pujaa | maadho laal de maape haradavaar jaan lage taan husain ne us noo aapane paas keh ke rok liaa ki maapiaan noo jaan de, main tainoo unhaan ton pahilaan uthe puchaa diaangaa | kujh dinaan baad shaah husain ne kihaa, maadho akhaan meett tainoo haradavaar puchaaeee | jad maadho ne akhaan kholheean taan uh haradavaar aapane maapiaan paas baitthaa see |

maadho laal naal hee ik hor karaamaat sanbandhit hai ki maadho dee mritoo ho gee | maape ron pittan lag pe | nit vaang samen sir jad maadho, shaah husain de ddere naa pujaa taan uh us de ghar pahunch ge | jad maadho dee mauat baare saaeh huraan noo dasiaa giaa taan uh kahin lage eih jhootth hai| andar maadho dee laash kol ge te aakhiaa, autth maadho hun sonaa ttheek naheen, aseen tainoo uddeekade rahe | maadho jhatt utth baitthaa | sabh lok hairaan reh ge| iho jiheean hor kee karaamaataan yathaa sharaab noo dudh vich badal denaa jaan mune hoe moonh daa daarrhee vaalaa ho jaanaa eitiaad shaah husain de naan naal sanbandhit han|

husain noo laal kaparre paaun karake vee laal husain aakhiaa jaandaa hai te maadho laal naal ishak karake vee maadho laal husain | husain mulaamatee jaan kalandaree firake daa anuyaaee see, bhang te sharaab peendaa see te nase vich aa ke nachadaa gaaundaa see | aapane aap de malang jaan bhangee hon baare uh aapanee rachanaa vich likhadaa hai

amalaan de upar hog niberraa

kiaa soofee kiaa bhangee|

jaan

shaah husain fakeer saaeen daa|

eih duaae malang dee|

husain dee mauat 1593 ee. vich hoee| us dee kabar aj vee baagabaanapure laahauara vich kaaeim hai, jithe har saal melaa lagadaa hai|

shaah husain dee samachee rachanaa 163 kaafeean han jiharreean aakaar te kaav gunaan kar ke panjaabee saahit vich vishes sathaan rakhadeean han| kaafeean vich akheer te, thaan par thaan ih shabad aaunde han kahe husain fakeer saaeen daa jaan kahe husain fakeer nimaanaa | ih kaafeean raagaan anusaar han| is sanbandhee maualaa bakhas kustaa likhade han unhaan mukhtalif raagaan raaganeean te ih kaafeean likheean jo panjaabee bolee vich pahilee te safal kosis ate maanayog saramaaeaa hai| ddaa. surindar singh kohalee, shaah husain noo naveen panjaabee vich likhan vaalaa pahilaa soofee kavee aakhade han|

eik ravaaeit prachalit hai ki shaah husain guroo arajan dev jee noo mile ate benatee keetee ki us dee rachanaa noo vee guroo granth saahib vich daraj kar liaa jaae, par guroo jee ne naanh kar ditee kiaun jo us dee rachanaa vich rab de roop noo lukaaun daa yatan keetaa giaa hai| ddaakattar mohan singh aapanee sanpaadit pusatak kaafeean shaah husaina vich likhade han

bhaaven husain paas vichaar te geetakaaree dee jinee vee daat see, sabh rabee den see te us ute kise daa prabhaao naheen piaa prantoo jagat noo rabee sunehe den de raam naam chitaaun dee pirat guradev ne paa ditee hoee see| us dee vichaaradhaaraa te shabadaavalee sabh guramat te gurabaanee vaalee see | husain ne raag raaganeean daa prayog vee gurabaanee anusaar hee keetaa| us ne achet jaan suchet gurabaanee daa asar avas kabool keetaa |

shaah husain dee rachanaa vichon soofeean vaale saare ughe lachhan dekhe jaa sakade han| ddaakattar laajavantee raamaakrisnaa aapanee pusatak panjaabee soofee peeittas vich likhadee hai ki shaah husain daa soofee rehasavaad bhaarat te eeraanee vichaaraan daa changaa mel hai| aapane vichaaraan te sidhaantaan vich uh pooran tauar te bhaaratee hai te nit de jeevan vich uh eeraanee sanparadaa daa upaask hai | jithon tak unhaan dee kavitaa daa sanbandh hai. us vich sadaachaarak pakh ton koee kamazoree naheen disadee| aap dee rachanaa sadaachaarak te daarasnik pakhon bahut mehatataa vaalee hai|

kujh aalochakaan ne saah husain noo birahon daa kavee aakhiaa hai| us deean kaafeean vich birahon daa varanan barree teebarataa te bihabalataa naal keetaa miladaa hai| us ne aapane rabee piaar jaan ishak hakeekee noo barre vegamee dtang naal biaan keetaa hai| udaaharan lee

darad vichhorre daa haal neen main kaihanoo aakhaan