s. m, This tree (Ulmus campestris, U. Wallichiana, Nat. Ord. Ulmaceæ,) which grows to a large size, is common wild, in many parts of the Punjab Himalaya up to the Indus. The bark is very tough and is used for bed-strings; and sandals, made from it, will last for two days under hard work. The leaves are a favourite fodder, and the trees are often very severely lopped on this account. The wood is durable if constantly wet, and is hence used for damp foundations.