s. m, uby:—yakút rumání, s. m. A first class ruby. Diamond stand first amongst precious stones in native estimation, Rubies come next. They must be hard and transparent "shafáf." The rumání whose colour is like the seed of a pomegranate is most esteemed. Inferior kinds are lálṛí, tambrá, (garnets). Among rubies are reckoned the dúdí or tánsalá, a smoky cairngorm, and the nariṇgí or jacinth also called gulmidak, erroneously termed by English jewellers "Cinnamon ruby" The kinds called jafrání, jard or pokráj are really pale and dark topazes. Amongst rubies are also included sapphires "blue rubies," distinguished as kábud, asmáṉí, surmaí (blue gray-colour of antimony). Rubies were formerly imported from Badakshan, but the mines are now worked out, the present source of supply is Burmah, and of Sapphires, Ceylon.