s. f, medicinal substance, (Berberis aristata, B. Asiatica, B. Lycium, Nat. Ord. Berberideæ) extracted from the wood and root of a hill tree called dár halad, the berberry. The root is used in native practice internally as a stomachic, and in diarrhœa, and with oil is rubbed externally in rheumatism. The dried extract of the root is extensively used as a purgative for children, and especially as an application in opthalmia.